MacBain's Dictionary - Section 22
- greis
- a shile, Irish do ghréas, always,
Old Irish do grés, do gress,
semper,
Middle Irish do-gres: *grend-to-, going on, root grend, gred,
Indo-European ghredh as in
greas. Strachan gives *grencs-, and compares
Norse kringr, round, German kring.
See treis.
- gréis
, greus
- embroidery, needle-work, Irish obair-ghréis, from gréas,
Early Irish gréss, any work of art or trade;
See greusaich.
- greód
- a crowd (Arg.); from English crowd.
- greòs
- expansion of the thighs, greòsgach, grinning (H.S.D.):
*grencs-; Norse gringr, round, German kring.
- greusaich,
griasaich
- shoemaker, any worker in embroidery or
gurniture, Irish gréasaidhe, shoemaker: *greid-to-; Gadelic
greid, dress, broider, Indo-European @ghrei, rub;
Greek
@Ghroiá,
@Ghrw@nma, hide,
skin, colour,
@Ghríw, anoint (Christus).
- grian
- sun, Irish,
Old Irish grían: *greinâ, @ghr-einâ, root @gher, warm,
as
in gar.
Cf. Sanskrit ghr@.n@.is, sunshine, ghramsa, heat; Welsh
greian, what gives heat, sun.
See further under
grìos. Hence
grianan, sunny place, summer house, solarium of Latin, from
sol, sun.
- griasaich
- a species of aculeated fish: "cobbler" fish; from
griasaich, shoemaker.
- grìd
- substance, quality; from Scottish grit, grain of stones, grit, grain,
English grit. Hence grìdeil, industrious
(M`A.).
- grigirean
- the constellation of Charles' wain,
grigleachan, a
constellation;
See grioglach.
- grìleag
- a grain of salt, any small matter: *gris-il-, root
greis,
gravel, as in grinneal.
- grìmeach
- grim, surly; from English grim, Norse grimmr.
- grìmeil
- warlike (
H.S.D.), Irish grimeamhuil (
Lh.,
O'Br.), grim, war;
from the Norse grimmr, fierce, wroth?
- grinn
- pretty, Irish grinn,
Early Irish grind: *gr@.nni-, "bright"; root
@gher, as in
grian,
grìos. Cf.
glinn.
- grinneal
- bottom of the sea, gravel, Irish grinnioll, channel, bed of
a river, sand of the sea, sea bottom,
Middle Irish grinnell: *gris-ni-,
root,
greis, gris, gravel,
Early Irish grían, gravel (*greisano-), Welsh
graian, gravel, greienyn a grain of gravel. Rhys (Hib.Lect.,
571) refers these words to the root of
grian, sun, the particle of
gravel being supposed to be "a shining thing". This view is
supported by grioglach
and griogag, q.v.
- griob
- nibble (Heb.); from Scottish gnip, gnaw, eat, English nip, nibble.
- griobh
- a pimple (M`A.):
- griobhag
- hurry:
- grìoch
- a decaying or lean young deer, grìochan, consumption
(Dial., H.S.D.):
- griogag,
grìogag
- (Glen-Urquhart), a pebble, bead: *grizgu-, root
gris,
greis, gravel,
as in grinneal.
- grioglach
- Pleiades, grigleachan, a constellation,
Irish griogchán,
constellation. For root,
See griogag.
- griomacach
- thin-haired, griomagach, shrivelled grass (H.S.D.):
- grioman
- a certain species of lichen, malt bud (H.S.D.):
- grìos
- entreat, pray, Irish gríosaim, encourage, incite, rake up a fire;
from earlier gríos, heat, which
See in
grìosach.
- grìosach
- burning embers, Irish gríosach, coals of fire, burning
embers,
Middle Irish gríssach,
Early Irish grís, fire, embers, Breton groez,
heat: *grens, *gr@.ns, heat; Sanskrit ghramsa, sun, heat, sunshine;
root @gher of
gar, q.v. Hence grìs, inflammation; Irish grís,
pimple.
- grìs
- horror; from Scottish grise, to shudder,
Middle English gri@-s, horror,
gri@-seful, gri@-se, horrible, English grisly.
- grìsionn
- grindled, grìs-ghion, "gray-white", grìs (Sh. gris),
gray; from Middle English gri@-s, gray fur.
- griùrach
- the measles, griuthach (do.), grìobhach (M`A.),
griùragan, indefinitely small particle, pustules on the skin;
root @ghru, as in
grothlach; grúlach (Skye) = griobhlach.
- gròb
- join by indentation, serrate; cf. Middle English gro@-pin, to groove,
also groupe and grave. A borrowed Gaelic word.
- gróbag
- a poor shrivelled woman; from
gròb.
- groban
- top or point of a rock, hillock:
- gròban
- mugwort (N.G.):
- gròc
- croak, frown on; from English croak.
- grod
- rotten,
Early Irish grot, gruiten, stale butter, small curds in
whey; a metathesis of
goirt?
- groganach
- wrinkled (as heather), Irish grug, a wrinkle; cf.
grùig.
- gròig
- awkwardness, perverseness, gròigean, awkward man;
See grùig.
- gròiseid
- a gooseberry; from the Scottish groset, from
Old
Greek *grose,
grosele, goose-berry, whence English gooseberry for grooseberry.
- gròmhan
- a groaning, growling; the same as
gnòmhan.
- gros
- snout; correct spelling of gnos, q.v.
- gròta
- a groat; from the English
- grothlach
- a gravel pit, abounding in gravel (
O'Br.,
Sh., etc.), Irish
grothlach, Welsh gro, pebbles, Cornish grow, gravel, Breton grouan.
From these come English gravel,
Old
Greek gravele. Cf. Norse
grjot, stones, Anglo-Saxon greót, English grit, root grut, Lithuanian grústi,
pound, bray,
Greek
@Ghrusós, gold (=
@Ghrud-sós).
- grotonach
- corpulent (
O'Br.,
Sh., etc.), so Irish: "heavy-breeched"
(Arms.) - *grod-tónach.
- gruag
- hair of the head, a wig, Irish grúag: *grunkâ, root @gru,
English crumple? Hence gruagach, a maiden, brownie.
- gruaidh
- cheek, brow, Irish gruaidh, cheek,
Early Irish gruad, Welsh grudd,
Cornish grud, maxilla: *groudos. Bez. suggests the root ghrud,
ghreud, as in
grothlach, above, the idea being "pounding,
mashing" (Lithuanian grústi, bray, pound), and the original force
"jaw": cf. Latin maxilla and macero, macerate. Stokes
queries if it is from the root of English great. English proud?
- gruaigean
- a species of sea-weed (H.S.D. for Heb.),
birses (M`A.);
"little hairy one" (Carm.), from
gruag.
miorcan in Lewis.
- gruaim
- gloom, surly look, Irish gruaim: *grousemen-; root @greul,
@grût, Latin brûtus, dull, English brute, Lettic, grúts, heavy,
Stokes cfs. only Church Slavonic su@u-grustiti se@? grieve over.
- grùdair
- a brewer, Irish grúdaire, grúid, malt:
*grûddi-; Anglo-Saxon
grút, coarse meal, German grütze, groats,
Danish gröd; Lit grúdas,
corn. English grit, groats are allied. Hence grùid, lees.
- grùig
- a drooping attitude, churlishness, churlish, Irish grúg, a
grudge, anger, gruig, churlishness
(O'Br.), gruc, sulky
(O'Cl.);
cf. English grudge,
Middle English grucchen,
Old French grouchier, groucier.
Also grùgach, wrinkled.
- gruilleamach
- prancing, leaping suddenly (H.S.D.):
- grunnaich
- sound, fathom;
See grunnd.
- grunn
, grunnan
- a handful, lot, crowd (Dial. grainnean),
Old Irish
grinne, fascis, fasciculum, Breton gronn, a heap: *grendio-,
*grondo-;
Greek
@Ggrónqos, closed fist, Sanskrit grantha, bind, etc.
(Stokes for
Old Irish). Cf. for root
bréid.
- grunnasg
- groundsel; formed on the English
- grunnd
- bottom, ground, thrift; from Scottish grund, bottom or
channel in water, Norse grunnr, bottom of sea or river, English
ground. Hence grunndail, steadfast, solid, sensible.
- grùnsgul
- a grunting; from *grunn, grunt, Latin grunnire, English
grunt.
- gruth
- curds, Irish,
Middle Irish gruth: *grutu-; English curds, Middle English
crud, Scottish crowdie, croods;
Greek
@Ggrúsei, will melt, grútc (u long),
frippery; Indo-European @gru, English crumb, German krauen,
Greek
@Ggru@n, morsel.
Hence gruitheam, curds and butter: gruth+
ìm.
- grùthan
, grùan
- liver, Irish aeu. grúan (Lh.
(Comp.Voc. sub "jecur"):
*grûso-: root ghru, gritty, of grothlach.
- gu
- to, ad, Irish go, gu,
Old Irish
co, cu, Welsh bw in bwy gilydd, to its
fellow: *qos; Church Slavonic ku@u, to; cf. Latin usque for *quos-que?
(Bez.). Used adverbially in gu math, gu h-olc. Cf.
Greek kas,
kai, Sanskrit -ças.
- guag
- a giddy, whimsical fellow, Irish gúag, guaigín, folly, silly one;
from Middle English gowke, go@-ki, a fool, Scottish gowk, English gawky.
- guag
- a splay-foot;
See cuag.
- guaigean
- thick, little and round: *goug-go-, root @gu, bend.
- guailisg
- false, falsity (Carm.):
- guaillean
- a coal of fire;
See gual.
Cf. caoirean, a peat, cinder,
ember.
- guaillich
- go hand in hand: "shoulder to shoulder";
See guala.
- guaimeas
- quietness;
See guamach.
- guaineas
- briskness, liveliness;
See guanach.
- guairdean
- vertigo; cf. Irish gúairdeán, whirlwind; from
cuairt?
- guairsgeach
- curled, crinitus, Irish gúaire, hair of the head; from
Indo-European @gu, bend, as in
guala.
- guait
- leave ("Gabh no guait e" -- Take or leave it); from English
quit? g-uait?
- gual
- coal, Irish gual: *goulo-, *geulo-; root geul, gul; Teutonic
*kola-, Norse kol, coals, German kohle, English coal.
Welsh glo, Breton
glaou, *glôvo- (Stokes), is allied to the English glow.
- guala,
gualann
- shoulder, Irish
guala, g. gualann,
Early Irish gualu, g.
*gualand: *goulôn, root @geu, @gu,
gu, bend;
Greek
@Ggui@non, limb,
@Ggúalon, a hollow,
@Ggúcs, ploughtree (Latin bura);
Old Bactrian
= Zend, ga@-o, hand. Strachan and Stokes give the root gub,
bend, stem *gublôn-, Indo-European gheubh, bend,
Greek
@Gkufós (u long),
bent, stooping; Lettic gubt, stoop.
- guamach
- neat, snug, smirking; also "plentiful" (
Sh.,
O'R.),
careful, managing (Arran):
- guanach
- light, giddy, Irish guanach, guamnach,
Middle Irish guamnacha,
active (O'Cl.);
root guam of
guamach above.
- gucag
- a bubble, bell, globule, bud: *gukko-, German kugel, ball.
- gùda
- a gudgeon, Irish guda; formed on English gudgeon,
Middle English gojon.
- gudaleum
, gudarleum
- a bound, wild leap (Arg.):
- guga
- the solan goose, a fat, silly fellow, Irish guga.
See gugail for root.
- gugail
- clucking of poultry, Irish gugailim: an onomatopoetic word.
Cf. English chuck.
See also
gogail.
- gugairneach
- a fledgling:
- guidh
- pray, guidhe, a prayer, wish,
Irish guidhim, guidhe,
Old Irish
guidiu, gude, guide: *godio-, root
ged, god,
Indo-European @ghedh, ask;
Greek
@Gpóqew, desire,
@Gqéssasqai, pray for;
Gothic bidjan, ask,
Anglo-Saxon giddan, English bid.
- guil
- weep, Irish,
Early Irish guilim;
See gal.
- guilbneach
- the curlew: "beaked one",
Early Irish gulbnech, beaked,
Old Irish gulban, beak,
Old Welsh gilbin, acumine, Welsh gylf, bill, beak,
gylfant, Cornish
gilb, foratorium, geluin, rostrum: *gulbano-;
German kolben, piston, knob, gun-stock. Bez. compares only
N.Slovenic golbati, gnaw. Cf. Lithuanian gulbe@?, swan.
- guileag
- the swan's note, warbling (Sh. has guillag, chattering of
birds, O'R. guilleog); root
gal, cry, call, Latin gallus, cock,
English
call?
- guileagan
- custom of boiling eggs outside on Easter Sunday =
latha guileagan (M`D.):
- guim,
cuim
- conspiracy (Carm.):
- guin
- a wound,
Old Irish guin: *goni-;
See gon.
- guir
- hatch, lie on eggs, gur, hatching, Irish
gur, Welsh gori, to brood;
from the root gor,
gar, warm.
See gar.
- guirean
- a pimple, gur, a festering, Irish,
Middle Irish guirín, pustule,
Early Irish
gur, pus, Welsh gôr, pus, goryn, pustula: *goru-, fester,
"heat"; root gor,
gar, warm, as
in gar.
- guisead
- a gusset; from the English
- guit
- a corn-fan, unperforated sieve: gottiá:
- gulm
- a gloom, forbidding look; from the English?
- gulmag
- sea-lark (H.S.D.):
- gun
- without, Irish gan,
Old Irish cen;
Greek
@Gkeneós, empty; root keno-.
So
Old High German hina, hinweg, Anglo-Saxon hin-.
- gu'n,
gu'm
- that,
Greek
@Go@`/ti, Irish go,
Old Irish
co, con. Windisch considers
this the prep. con, with, and
co, to; Zim. and Thurneysen
regard it as from
co, to (see
gu). The latter explains the n
as the relative: *co-sn, a view supported by the verbal
accent being on the first syllable and by the occasional form
conn(?)
See cha'n.
- gùn
- gown, Irish gúna; from the English gown, from Welsh gwn (*gwun),
from Celtic *vo-ouno-, root in Latin ex-uo, doff, ind-uo, don,
Lithuanian aunù, put on shoes, áuti.
- gunna
- a gun, Irish,
Middle Irish gunna; from Middle English gunne, English
gun.
- gur
- that, Irish gur: *co-ro;
See gu'n for
co. Uses are:
Gur cruaidh e =
Old Irish corrop cruaid é; corrop is now Irish gurab,
that is co-ro-ba (ba, verb "to be"). gur = gun ro, con ro-
(St.).
- guraiceach
- a blockhead (
Sh.,
H.S.D.):
- guraiceach
- unfeathered bird, lump (Arg.), from
gur.
- gurpan
- crupper; from Scottish curpon, English,
Old French croupon.
- gurracag
- a blot (Arg.):
- gurrach
, gurraban
- crouching, crouching on the hunkers: *gurtha-
from
gur, brooding as in
guir? Cf. Scottish curr, to "hunker",
currie, a stool, English cower. The Perthshire curraidh,
hunkering, is from Scotch.
- gurrach
- fledgling, gurach (Arg.):
- gurt
- fierceness, sternness of look; also gart, q.v.
- gus
- to, Irish gus,
Old Irish cossin, to the, to which; prep.
gu,
co, and
the article or relative. The s of the article is preserved after
the consonant of
co (= qos).
- gus
- anything (Arg.):
- gusair
- sharp, keen, strong, Irish gusmhar, strong; from
gus, force,
smartness: *gustu-, "choice", root
gu, English chose.
- gusgan
- a hearty draught:
- gusgul
- refuse, dirt, idle words, roaring:
- guth
- voice, Irish,
Old Irish guth: *gustu-; Indo-European
gu;
Greek
@Ggóos, groan;
Sanskrit hu, call, cry, havat@-, calls; Church Slavonic zova@?, to call. This is
different from Indo-European @gu,
Greek
@Gboc/, shout, Latin bovare, cry
(Prellwitz, Osthoff).
- i
- she, Irish í, sí,
Old Irish í, hí, sí,
Welsh, Breton hi: *sî;
Gothic si, ea, German
sie, they; Sanskrit sya@-/: Indo-European sjo-, sha@-- (Brug.).
See
-sa,
so,
sin.
- iach
- a yell, cry, Irish íachdadh,
Old Irish iachtaim: *eicto-, *eig-to-,
from eia of
éigh.
- ++iach
- a salmon,
Early Irish có, g.
iach, Welsh, Breton eog, Welsh ehawc,
Cornish
ehog: *esax; Latin esox: Basque izokin (borrowed from Celtic).
- iad
- they, Irish iad,
Early Irish iat,
Old Irish only in olseat-som, say they, Welsh
hwynt: confusion of roots ei sjo with the 3rd plur. in nt. Of
Early Irish iat, siat, Brugmann says:- "These have the ending of
the 3rd plur. of the verb;; later on iat, siat were detached,
and began an independent existence". Stokes similarly says
they are se and hwy with the nt of the verbal 3rd pl. added.
- iadach
- jealousy, Irish éad;
See eud.
- iadh
- encompass, Irish iadhaim, join, shut, surround,
Early Irish iadaim:
*eidâô, *ei-dho-, root ei, go?
Stokes analyses it into *ei-
dâmô, for epi-dâmô,
Sanskrit api-da@-/na@-, a lock: for epi,
See Greek
@Ge@'pí under
iar; and dâmô is
from dhô, dhê, place,
Greek
@Gtíqcmi,
Latin facio. It has also been correlated to
Greek
@Gpiézomai, press,
Sanskrit pîdayti, press (*pisda@-), from pise, stamp, press, Latin
pistor, etc.
- ial
- moment, season, gleam of sunshine; a poetic word, seemingly
a metaphoric use of
iall. Galway Irish
iall, moment,
iall deireannach dá shaoghal.
- iall
- a thong, Irish iall,
Early Irish íall: *peisla; cf. pileus, felt, etc.
- ++iall
- a flock of birds, Irish
iall, a flock of birds,
Early Irish
iall, grex;
*eisla,
@Greek
@Gi@'/lc,
Hence
eallach (
St.).
Cf Irish éilín sicini, brood
or clutch of chickens.
- iallach
- jaunty, lithe; cf
uallach.
- ialtag
- a bat, Irish ialtóg,
Early Irish iathlu
(iatly, O'Cl.), Welsh ystlum:
*isatal- (Ascoli). Dial. dealtag anmoch; Latin vesper-tilio.
- ian
- a bird;
See eun.
- iar
- after, Irish iar,
Old Irish iar n-, post: *e(p)eron; Sanskrit aparam,
afterwards; Gothic afar, post; further
Greek
@Go@'/piqen, behind,
@Ge@'pí,
to, on, Sanskrit ápi, Lithuanian ape@?, to, on, Latin op.
See
air,
airc.
- iar
, an iar
- siar,
west, Irish
iar,
siar,
Old Irish íar, occidens, aníar: a
special use of the prep. iar above.
See ear for force.
- iarbhail
- anger, ferocity; from
air and
boile?
- iarbhail
- a consequence, remains of a disease:
- iargainn
- pain, Irish iargan, groans of a dying man (O'Br.); from
air
and
gon.
- iargail
- the west, evening twilight, Irish iargúl, remote district,
iargcúl (Con.); from
iar and cúl, back: "begind", west.
iargalta, churlish, inhospitable, surly, turbulent (M`A.), Irish
iarcúlta, churlish, backward.
- iargall
- battle, contest, so Irish,
Old Irish irgal:
air+
gal, the
air being
air(a).
See gal.
- iarghuil
- sound, noise;
See uirghioll.
- iarla
- an earl, Irish iarla,
Middle Irish íarla; from Norse jarl, English earl.
Welsh has iarll.
- iarmad
- offspring, remnant, Irish iarmat, offspring (O'Br.), iarmart,
consequences of anything, iarmhar, remnant; root
mar,
remain.
See mar.
- iarmailt
- the firmament, for *fiarmaint, Irish fiormaimeint,
Middle Irish
firmeint,
Early Irish firmimenti (g.); from Latin firmamentum. Cf.
Tormailt, Norman.
- iarna
- a hank of yarn, Irish íarna, a chain or hank of yarn; from
English yarn.
- iarnaich
- smooth with an iron; from
iarunn.
- iarogha
- great grandson,
Old Irish iarmui, abnepotes; from
air and
ogha: "post-nepos".
- iarr
- ask, Irish,
Early Irish iarraim, I seek, ask, iarrair, a seeking, iarair:
*iarn-ari-, "after-go", root (p)ar, per, go, seek, bring, through,
Greek
@Gpei@nra, experience, Latin ex-perior, try, English experience, etc.
(Stokes).
See aire further for root.
- iarunn
- iron, Irish iarann,
Middle Irish iarund,
Old Irish iarn, Welsh haiarn,
hearn, Cornish hoern,
Old Breton hoiarn, Breton houarn,
Gaulish isarnodori,
ferrei ostii: *eisarno-; Gothic eisarn,
Old High German isarn, German
eisen, English iron (all borrowed from Celtic according to Brugmann,
Stokes, etc.). Shräder regards the eis or îs of eisarno-
as only a different vowel-scale form of Indo-European ayos, ayes-, metal,
whence Latin aes, English ore.
- iasachd
, iasad
- a loan, Irish
iasachd,
Early Irish iasacht:
- iasg
- fish, Irish iasg,
Old Irish íasc, @oesc, g. éisc; *eisko-, *peisko-;
Latin
piscis, fish; Gothic fisks, English fish.
- ++ibh
- drink,
Middle Gaelic ibh (M`V.), Irish ibhim (Con.
íbhim),
Old Irish ibim,
Old Welsh iben, bibimus, Cornish evaf,
Breton eva: *ibô, *pibô; Latin
bibo; Sanskrit pibamî.
- ic
- cure, heal, so Irish;
See ìoc.
- ìc
- an addition, eke, frame put under a beehive
(Carm.); Scottish eik.
- idir
- at all, Irish idir,
Old Irish itir, etir: *enteri, a locative case of
enter, the stem of the prep.
eadar, q.v.
- ifrinn
- hell, Irish ifrionn,
Early Irish ifern(d),
Old Irish ifurnn; from Latin
infernum, adj. infernus, English infernal.
- igh
- tallow (
Sh.), fat (
H.S.D., which marks it as obsolete),
Middle Irish
íth, g. itha, Manx eeh: root pi, pei,
Greek
@Gpíwn, Sanskrit pínas, fat.
- igh,
ì
- a burn, a small stream with green banks (Suth.). This is
the Suth. pronunciation of
ùidh, a ford, etc.
- ilbhinn
- a craggy mountain ("Mar ilbhinn ailbhein craige", Oss.
Ballad); if not mere jingle, it means "many peaked":
iol+bheann.
- ileach
- variegated, Irish ile, diversity;
See iol-.
- ìm
- butter, Irish im (g. íme, Coneys),
Early Irish imb, Welsh ymenyn, Cornish
amenen, Breton amann, amanen: *emben- or *m@.ben-; Latin unguen,
English unguent, vb. unguo, I smear: German enke, butter; Sanskrit
áñjas, a salve, ointment.
- im-
- about, also with intensive force, Irish im-,
Old Irish im-, imm-; it
is the prefixive form of prep.
mu, q.v. Also
iom-.
- imcheist
- anxiety, doubt,
Old Irish imchesti, contentiones;
from
im- and
cheist.
- imeachd
- journeying, imich, go, Irish imtheachd, imthighim,
Old Irish
imthecht;
from
im- and
teachd,
tighinn: imich is for imthigh,
root tig teig of
tighinn, q.v.
- imisg
- a sarcasm, scandal: *im-isc; for isc,
See inisg.
- imleag
- navel, Irish imleacan, imlinn,
Early Irish imbliu, acc. imblind,
imlec, imlecán: *embiliôn-, *embilenko-;
Latin umbilîcus; Greek
@Go@'mfalós; English navel; Sanskrit na@-/bhi,
nâbhîla; Indo-European onbhelo-,
nobhelo-.
- imlich
- lick, Irish imlighim, lighim; im-lighim. "about-lick". With
lighim is cognate
Old Irish lígim, I lick, Welsh llyaw, llyad, licking,
Breton leat (do.): *leigô, *ligo; Latin lingo;
Greek
@Gleígw; English
lick; Church Slavonic lizati (to lick); Sanskrit lihati.
- imnidh
- care, diligence, Irish imnídhe,
Old Irish imned, tribulatio: *m@.bi-men-eto-,
root men
of meanmna. Ascoli analyses the
Old Irish as
*imb-an-eth, root
an, breathe.
- impidh
- a prayer;
See iompaidh.
- impis
- imis, imminence, an impis, about to, almost,
Middle Irish
imese catha, imminence of battle, root ved of
tòiseach (Stokes).
- imreasan
- controversy, Irish imreasán,
Old Irish imbresan, altercatio,
imbresnaim, I strive, Welsh ymryson, contention, dispute: *imbi-bres-,
root bres of Middle Irish bressa, contentions, battles, Breton, Cornish
bresel (from
bris, break)? Windisch suggests for Gadelic
*imm-fres-sennim (prep. imm or im and fris,
frith), from
Old Irish
sennim, I drive, *svem-no-, allied to English swim.
- imrich
- remove, flit, Irish imircim,
Early Irish immirge, journey, expedition:
*imbi-reg-, root reg, go, stretch (as in
rach). Windisch
suggests imm-éirge, from éirigh.
- in-
-
ion-,
ionn-, a frefix of like force as Latin in-, used especially
before medials, liquids, and s (
ionn- only before s),
Irish in-,
ion-,
inn-,
ionn- (before s),
Old Irish in-; it is the Gadelic prep. in,
ind,
now
an,
ann, in (q.v.), used as a prefix.
- inbhe
- quality, dignity, rank, Irish inmhe, patrimony, estate,
Middle Irish
indme, rank: *ind-med-, prep. ind (
ann) and root m@-, med, of
meas? Irish inme, wealth, better indme or indbe (
St.).
- inbhir
- a confluence of waters, Irish innbhear, inbhear,
Early Irish indber,
inbir, inber, Welsh ynfer, influxus: *eni-bero-s (Stokes), from eni
or modern
an, in, and bero-, stem of
beir, Latin fero. The
combination is the same as Latin infero, English inference.
- inghean
- a daughter, Irish inghean,
Old Irish ingen, Ogam inigena:
*eni-genâ; root gen, beget (see gin) and
prep.
an; Latin
indigena, native;
Greek
@Ge@'ggónc, a grand-daughter. Also
nighean, q.v. Latin ingenuus?
- inich
- neat, tidy, lively:
- inid
- Shrove-tide, Irish inid,
Early Irish init, Welsh ynyd, Breton ened; from
Latin initium (jejunii, beginning of Lent.
- inisg
- a reproach; cf. Middle Irish indsce,
Old Irish insce, speech: *eni-sqiâ,
root seq, say, as in
sgeul, q.v.
Greek
@Ge@'/nispe, Latin inseque, say,
are exactly the same as Irish in root and prefix.
- inn-,
ionn-
- (innt- before s), prep. prefix of like force with
frith,
ri,
against, to Irish
inn-, ionn-,
Old Irish ind- (int- before s),
inn-,
in-:
*n@.de,
Gaulish ande-: *ande, from n@.dh, Goth. und, for, until,
Old High German unt-as, until; Sanskrit ádhi, up to (n@.dhi).
- inndrich
- originate, incite:
- inne
- a bowel, entrail, gutter, sewer, kennel
(M`A.), Irish inne,
innighe,
Middle Irish inne, inde, a bowel, viscer (pl.),
Early Irish inne,
inde,
Old Irish inna, d.pl. innib, viscus, viscera: prep. in+?
Cf.
Greek
@Ge@'\vteron, a bowel, German innere, Sanskrit antaram; also
Dial. English innards (for inwards).
- inneach
- woof, so Irish,
Early Irish innech: *(p)n@.-niko-, root pan, thread,
Latin pannus, cloth,
Greek pcnós, woof thread on the bobbin?
See further under
anart. A compound with in or ind is
possible: in-neg-, Latin in-necto?
- inneadh
- want (M`F.):
- inneal
- an instrument, arrangement, Irish inneal, arrangement, dress,
Early Irish indell, yoke, arrangement; Gaelic innil, prepare, ready, Irish
inniollaim, arrange,
Early Irish indlim, get ready: *ind-el-, root
pel, join, fold, as in
alt, q.v. Ascoli joins
Old Irish intle, insidiæ,
intledaigim, insidior, and Gaelic innleachd, q.v.; but gives no
root.
- innean
- an anvil, Irish inneóin,
Early Irish indeóin,
Old Irish indéin, Welsh
einion engion?,
Cornish ennian, Breton anneffn: *ande-bnis, "on-hit",
from
inn- and benô, hit as in
bean, q.v. Osthoff gives
the stem *endivani-, "on-hit", Zend vaniti, hit.
- innear
- dung,
Middle Irish indebar: *ind-ebar; cf. Early Irish cann-ebor
(=
cac,
O'Cl.), on the analogy of which Stokes suggests that
ind- of indebar is for find, white, but Gaelic is against this.
O'Dav. has find-ebor, dung; so Meyer, but not O'Dav.!
- innil
- prepare, ready;
See inneal.
- innis
- an island, Irish inis,
Old Irish inis, Welsh ynys, Cornish enys, Breton enez,
pl. inisi: *inissî, from n@.ss, Latin *inssa, insula,
Greek
@Gnc@nsos
(Dor.
@Gna@nasos). The connection of the Celtic, Latin, and Greek
is almost certain, though the phonetics are not clear.
Strachan suggests for Celtic *eni-stî, "in-standing", that is,
"standing or being in the sea".
- innis
- tell, Irish innisim,
Early Irish innisim, indisim: *ind-fiss-, from
fiss, now
fios, knowledge; root vid. Cf. adfíadim, narro
(*veidô), infíadim. vet (St.)?
- innleachd
- device, mechanism, Irish inntleachd, device, ingenuity:
*ind-slig-tu-, root slig
of slighe, way? Ascoli joins
Old Irish
intle, insidiæ, intledaigim, insidior, and Welsh annel, a gin,
Cornish
antell, ruse, Breton antell, stretch a snare or bow, and Irish
innil, a
gin, snare. The
Old Irish intliucht, intellectus (with sliucht,
cognitio), is considered by Zimmer to be a grammatical word
from Latin intellectus. Stokes disagrees. Hence innlich, aim,
desire.
- innlinn
- provender, forage: "preparation", from
innil, prepare.
- innsgin
- mind, courage (H.S.D. form MSS.),
also in A.M`D.'s
song, "Am breacan uallach"; innsgineach,
sprightly (Sh.,
O'R.):
- inntìnn
- mind, Irish inntinn: *ind-seni-; root sen or senn, as in
German
sinn, sense? Kluge, however, gives *sentno- as the
earliest form of the German Possibly it may be a plural from
Old Irish
inne, sensus, meaning the "senses" originally. The
Gadelic words can scarcely be from a depraved pronunciation
of Latin ingenium.
- inntreadh,
inntreachduinn
- a beginning, entering; from English
entering.
jtm