MacBain's Dictionary - Section 16

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earrag
a shift, refuge, attempt (H.S.D., from MSS.):
earraghlóir
vain glory: *er-glòir; the er is the intensie particle; Latin per.
earraid
a tip-staff, tearraid, tarraid (Dial.): form English herald?
earraigh
a captain (H.S.D.); See urra.
earran
a portion, Irish earrunn, Middle Irish errand, *áir-rann; from rann, portion.
earras
wealth; See earradh.
earrlait
ground manured one year and productive next (Carm.):
eàrr-thalmhuinn
yarrow; See athair-thalmhainn.
eas
a waterfall, Irish eas, g. easa, Early Irish ess, g. esso, *esti- *pesti; Sanskrit â-patti, mishap ("mis-fall"); Latin pessum, down, pestis, a pest; Slavonic na-pasti, casus (Bez.).
eas-
privative prefix, Irish eas-, Old Irish es-, Welsh eh-, Gaulish ex-, *eks. See a, as, ot.
easach
thin water-gruel; from eas.
easag
a pheasant, a squirrel ( M`D.), Irish easóg, pheasant ( Fol.), weasel, squirrel. For the "squirrel-weasel" force, See neas, nios. As "pheasant", it may be founded on the Middle English fesaunt, Old Greek faisan.
easaraich
boiling of a pool, ebullition, bustle; from Gaelic and Irish esar, a cataract, from eas. *ess-rad-?
easar-chasain
thorough-fare; cf. aisir.
easbalair
a trifling, handsome fellow (M`A.):
easbaloid
absolutino, Irish easbalóid; from Latin absolution.
easbhuidh
want, defect, so Irish, Early Irish esbuid, *ex-buti-s, "being out" of it; from roots as and bu, q.v.
easbuig
a bishop, Irish easbog, Old Irish espoc, epscop, Welsh esgob, Breton eskop; from Latin episcopus, whence English bishop.
++easg
a ditch, fen, Irish easgaidh, quagmire, easc, water, Early Irish esc, water, fen-water, Old British @GI@'ska, the Exe (Scotch Esks), *iskâ, water, *(p)idskâ; Greek @Gpi@ndax, well, @Gpidúw, gush. The Welsh wysg, stream, Old Welsh uisc requires, *eiskâ, from peid, pîd.
easg, eagann
eel, Irish eascu, g. eascuinne, Old Irish escung, "fen-snake", i.e. esc, fen, and ung, snake, Latin anguis. See ++easg, ditch.
++easga
the moon (a name for it surviving in Braemar last century), Old Irish ésca, ésce, @oesca, *eid-skio-; from root eid, îd, as in Latin idus, the ides, "full light", i.e. full moon (Stokes): *encscaio-, Sanskrit pñjas, light, Greek @Gféggos, light (Strachan).
easgaid
hough; better iosgaid, q.v.
èasgaidh
ready, willing, Irish éasguidh, Early Irish escid, Welsh esgud, Breton escuit; from eu- and sgìth, q.v.
easgraich
a torrent, coarse mixture; See easg.
easp
door latch (Lewis); Norse, hespa (do.).
easradh
ferns collected to litter cattle, Early Irish esrad, strewing, *ex-sratu-, root ster, strew, Latin sternere, etc. See casair, bed, under caisil-chrò.
easriach
boiling of a pool, bustle; See easaraich.
eathar
a boat, Irish eathar, ship, boat, Old Irish ethar, a boat, *itro-, "journeyer"; from ethaim, I go, *itâo, go, root ei, i; Latin eo; Greek @Ge@'@nimi; Lithuanian eimi; Sanskrit émi.
eatorra
betweeen them, so Irish, Old Irish etarro, *etr@.-so, *enter-sôs. For sôs, See -sa.
éibh
cry; See éigh.
eibheadh
the aspen, letter e, Irish eadha; also eadha, q.v.
éibheall , éibhleag
a live coal, spark, Irish eibhleóg, Early Irish óibell, spark, fire, Welsh ufel, fire, *oibelos, fire, spark (Stokes).
éibhinn
joyous; See aoibhinn.
eibhrionnach , eirionnach
a young gelded goat; from Scottish aiver (do.), with Gaelic termination of firionnach, etc. Aiver is also aver, worthless old horse, any property, English aver, property, from Latin habere.
éideadh , éididh
clothing, a suit; See aodach.
eidheann
ivy, Irish eidhean, Early Irish edenn, Welsh eiddew, Cornish idhio, *(p)edenno-, root ped, fasten, hold on; Latin pedica, a fetter; English fetter, etc. For sense, cf. Latin hedera, ivy, from ghed, catch, pr@oehendo, English get.
eididh
a web; apparently a shortened form of éideadh.
éifeachd
effect, so Irish; from Latin effectus.
eige
a web, eididh (on analogy of éididh, *veggiâ, root of figh.
eigh
ice; See deigh. Hence eighre, oighre, Irish oidhir, Early Irish aigred, Welsh eiry, snow.
eigh
a file, Irish oighe: *agiâ; root ag of English axe, Gothic aqizi.
éigh
a cry, Irish éigheamh, Old Irish égem, Celtic root eig; Lettic ígt. Cf. also Latin aeger (Stokes, Zim).
eighreag
a cloudberry; See oighreag.
éiginn
necessity, Irish éigin, Old Irish écen, Welsh angen, *enknâ (Stokes); Greek @Ga@'nágkc (= a@'n-ágkc). Allied by root (ank:enk) to thig, etc.
eildeir
an elder; from the Scotch, English elder.
eile
other, another, Irish eile, Old Irish aile, Welsh aill, all, Breton eil, all, Gaulish allo-, *aljo-, *allo-; Latin alius; Greek @Ga@'/llos; English else.
eileach
mill-race, mill-dam, embankment; from ail, stone, "stone-work".
eilean
an Island, Irish oilean, Early Irish ailén; from Norse eyland, English island.
eilean
training; See oilean.
eileir
the notch on the staves of a cask where the bottom is fixed. (In Arg. èarrach):
eileir
a deer's walk, eileirig, where deer were driven to battue them. Hence the common place-name Elrick. Book of Deer in d-elerc?
eileir
sequestered region, etc.; See eilthir.
eilgheadh
levelling of a field for sowing, first ploughing; cf. Irish eillgheadh, burial, to which Stokes cfs. Umbrian pelsatu, Greek @Gqáptein, pelsans, sepeliundus. H.Maclean compared the Basque elge, field.
eilid
a hind, so Irish, Old Irish elit, Welsh elain, cerva, *elinti-s, *elanî, Greek @Ge@'llós, fawn, e@'/lafos (= e@'/lnfos), stag; Lithuanian élnis, stag; Armenian e @Gln; etc.
eilig
willow-herb, epilobium; from Latin helix.
eilitriom
a bier (H.S.D. for Heb.), Irish eletrom, eleathrain, Middle Irish eilitrum; from Latin feretrum (Stokes).
eilthir
a foreign land, eilthireach, a pilgrim, Irish oilithreach, Old Irish ailithre, pilgrimage; from eile and tìr, q.v.
eiltich
rejoice:
eineach
bounty, Irish oineach. Cf. Old Irish ainech, protectio, root nak, attain, as in tiodhlac. Hence the H.S.D. eineachlann, protection (from Irish).
eirbhe
dyke or wall between crop-land and hill-land (M`F.):
eirbheirt
moving, stirring; Early Irish airbert, use, airbiur, dego, fruor: air and beir, q.v.
eirbhir
asking indirectly: "side-say"; air+ beir; cf. abair.
eirbleach
slack-jointed or crippled person; cf. Scottish hirplock, lame creature, hirple. The possibility of air-ablach (cf. conablach) should be kept in view.
eirc-chomhla
portcullis (M`D.):
eire
a burden, Irish eire, Early Irish ere, Old Irish aire: *pario, root of air. Cf. Latin porto.
eireachd
an assembly, Irish óireachdus, Early Irish airecht, Old Irish airect, *air-echt, echt being from the root of thig. Stokes refers it to the same origin as Welsh araeth, speech, root req, as in Old Slavonic reka, speak, Latin raccare, cry as a lion.
eareachdail
handsome, Old Irish airegde, præstans, from aire(ch), primas. See airidh.
eireag
a pullet, young hen, Irish eireog ( Fol., O'R.), Middle Irish eirin, Welsh iaren, Cornish yar, gallina, Breton iarik, *jari-, hen; Lithuanian jerube@?, heathcock, N.Slavonic jertu@u, nuthatch (Bez.).
eireallach
a monster, clumsy old carle (Dial., H.S.D.); from eire.
eiriceachd
heresy, so Irish, Early Irish éres, Old Irish heretic, hereticus; from the Old Irish form somehow, which itself is from Latin h@oereticus.
éirich
rise, éirigh, rising, Irish éirighim, éirghe, Early Irish érigim, éirgim, inf. Old Irish éirge, érge, *eks-regô; Latin e@-rigo, erect, English erect, rego, I govern; Greek o@'régw, extend; English right; Indo-European root reg. See rach.
eiridinn
attendance, patience, Old Irish airitiu, g. airiten, reception, airema, suscipiat, *ari-em-tin-, root em, grasp, take; Latin emo, buy; Lithuanian imù, hold.
éirig
ransom, Irish éiric, Early Irish éric, éiricc: *es-recc, "buying or selling out", from reic. Vb. as-renim, reddo, enclitic érnim, impendo.
eirmis
hit, find out, Old Irish ermaissiu, attaining, irmadatar, intelligunt, irmissid, intelligatis, *air-mess-, *air-med-; root, med, as in meas, judgement, q.v.
éis
delay, impediment; founded on déis?
éisd
listen, hear, Irish éisdim, Old Irish étsim. Ascoli analyses it into *étiss, *aith-do-iss, animum instare; the iss he doubtless means as from the reduplicated form of the root sta (cf. Old Irish air-issim, I stand). an-tus-, great silence! Cf. Irish éist do bhéal = hush! Root of tosd.
eisg, eisgear
satirist, Irish eigeas, pl. eigse, a learned man, Early Irish écess: *ád-gen-s-to? See eagna.
eisimeil
dependence, obligation, Middle Irish esimol, an esimul, *ex-em-mo-lo, root em of eudail. Cf. Latin exemplum.
eisiomplair
example, Irish eisiompláir, Middle Irish esimplair; from Latin exemplar.
eisir, eisiridh
oyster, Irish eisir, oisre; from Middle English oistre, from Latin ostrea.
eisleach
the withe that ties the tail-beam to the pack-saddle, crupper:
éislean
grief: *an-slàn; cf. Irish eislinn, weak, Early Irish eslinn (do.): *ex-slàn; See slàn.
eislinn
boards on which the corpse is laid, a shroud (H.S.D., from MSS.; M`E.):
eite
unhusked ear of corn (M`E.):
éite , éiteadh
stretching, extending:
eiteach
burnt roots of heath:
éiteag
white pebble, precious stone; from English hectic, lapis hecticus, the white hectic stone, used as a remedy against dysentery and diarrh@oea (Martin, West Isles, 134). See eitig.
eitean
a kernel, grain, Irish eitne eithne, Early Irish eitne (n.).
eithich
false, perjured, Irish eitheach, a lie, perjury, Old Irish ethech, perjurium; root pet, fall? Cf. Irish di-thech, denial on oath, for-tach, admission on oath, di-tongar i. séntar, fortoing, proved by oath: *tongô, swear. See freiteach for root.
eitich
refuse, Irish eitighim. For root, etc., See under freiteach.
éitigh
fierce, dismal, Old Irish étig, turpe, adétche, abomination. Scarcely *an-teg-, "un-wonted, un-house-like" (Zim.), for Gaelic would be éidigh. This Stokes (Bez. Beit @+21) makes *an-teki-s, not fair, Welsh têg, fair, Greek @Gtíktw, produce, @Gtéknon, child, English thing. Still Gaelic should be éidigh.
eith
go (Sutherland), dh'eithinn, would go, Irish eathaim, Early Irish ethaim, *itâô; root ei, i; Latin ire, itum; Greek @Gei@'@nmi, etc.
eitig
consumption; from Scottish etick, from French étique, hectique, English hectic.
eitreach
storm, sorrow: *aith-ter-? See tuirse.
eòisle
a charm; a metathesis of eòlas.
eòl , eòlas
knowledge, Irish eól, eolas, Early Irish eólas, Old Irish heulas, d-eulus: *ivo-lestu?
eòrna
barley, Irish eórna, Early Irish eorna, *jevo-rnio-, *jevo-; Greek @Gzeiá, spelt; Sanskrit yáva, corn, barley; Lithuanian jawai, corn.
eothanachadh
languishing ( H.S.D. gives it as Dial.; M`E.); See feodhaich.
eu-
negative prefix, Irish ea-, éu-, Old Irish é-. It stands for an- before c, t, p, and s. See an-.
eucail
disease: an+ cáil, q.v.
euchd
a feat, exploit, Irish éachd, feat, covenant, condition; Early Irish écht, murder, slaughter, from éc (St.).
euchdag
a fair maid, a charmer: "featsome one", from euchd.
eud
jealousy, zeal, Irish éad, Old Irish ét, Welsh addiant (= add-iant), longing, regret, Gaulish iantu- in Iantumarus, *jantu-; Sanskrit yatná, zeal; Greek @Gzctéw, seek, @Gzc@nlos, zeal, English zeal; root , jat, strive.
eudail
treasure, cattle, Irish éadáil, eudáil, profit, prey, Early Irish étail, treasure, booty, Early Irish ét, herds, riches: *em-tâli-, root em, hold, as in Latin emo (see eiridinn). Also feudail. éd = áirneis no spréidh, O'Cl.
eug
death, Irish eug, Old Irish éc, Welsh angeu, Cornish and Old Breton ancou, *enku-s, *enkevo-; Latin nex, death; Greek @Gnékus, corpse; Sanskrit nac@?, perish.
eugais, eugmhais
as eugais, without, Irish égmhuis, want, dispensation, Early Irish écmais: *an-comas, "non-power"?
eug-
negative prefix, as in eugsamhuil = an-con-samuil: See cosmhail.
euladh
creeping away; See èaladh.
eumhann
a pearl (H.S.D. from MSS.), Old Irish ném, g. némann, pearl, níam, sheen, níamda, bright, Welsh nwyf, vigour, nwyfiant, brightness, vigour: *neim. Cf. neamhnuid.
eun
a bird, Irish eun, Old Irish én, Old Welsh etn, Welsh edn, Cornish hethen, Breton ezn, *etno-s, *petno-, root pet, fly; Greek @Gpétomai, fly, @Gpetcná, fowls; Latin penna, wing; English feather; Sanskrit pátati, fly. Hence eunlaith, birds, Early Irish énlaith.
eur
refuse, Irish eura, refusal, Early Irish éra, eraim, *ex-rajo- (n.), root , give, Welsh rhoi, give, Cornish ry, Breton reiff, give; Sanskrit ráti, give, Zend . See rath, luck, favour.

F

fa
under, Irish fa, Early Irish fa (as in distributive numbers); a side form of fo, q.v., used in adverbial expressions.
++fa
was (past of is), Middle Gaelic fa ( Dean of Lismore), Irish fa, fa h- (Keat.), Middle Irish fa h-, Early Irish ba h-, *bât, *(e)bhu-â-t; Latin -bat, -bamus, of refe-bam, etc.; root bheu, to be. See bu, the form now used.
fàbhar
favour, Irish fábhar, Welsh ffafr; from Latin favor.
fabhd
a fault; from Scottish faut, from French faute.
fabhra, fabhrad
abhra, eyelid, eyebrow, Irish abhra, fabhra, eyelid, Early Irish abra, n.pl. abrait, Cornish abrans, Breton abrant, eyebrow, Mac. Greek @Ga@'brou@ntes; further @Go@'frús, brow, English brow. There is an Early Irish bra, pl. brói, dual brúad, *bruvat-. The phonetics are not clear. Stokes has suggested Latin frons, frontis, as allied, *bhront- with the prep. a(p)o (= Early Irish -a-), ab.
fabhradh
swirl, eddy (Carm.). Cf. Old Irish fobar (St.).
facal, focal
word, Irish focal, Old Irish focul, from Latin vocabulum (through *focvul, Güterbock). Stokes and Wind. take it from Latin vocula.
fachach
the puffin - a water fowl (Sh.); root va, blow? Onomatopoetic: f-ah-ah, call of bird?
fachail
strife ( Sh.; H.S.D. marks it Dialectic); cf. Irish fachain, striving.
fachant
puny (H.S.D. for N.High.):
fachaint
ridicule, scoffing; from fo-cainnt, "sub-speaking". Cf. Welsh gogan, satire, Breton goge, *vo-can, root can, sing, say.
fad, fad
long, Irish fad, Old Irish fota, longus, fot, length, *vad-dho- or vaz-dho-, Latin vastus, vast? Hence fadal, delay, desiderium, Keat. faddáil, "long delay", from fad and dáil.
fàdadh , fadadh
kindling, Irish fadadh, fadaghadh, fadógh (Keat.), Middle Irish fatód, Early Irish átúd, which Zimmer analyses as *ad-soud (soud of iompaidh), but unsatisfactorily; Early Irish adsúi tenid, kindles, adsúithe, kindled (Meyer). Cf. fód.
fadharsach
trifling, paltry, fagharsach:
fadhbhag
cuttle-fish:
fafan
a breeze:
fàg
leave, Irish fágaim, Old Irish foacbaim, fácbaim, *fo-ad-gab-; root gab of gabh, q.v.
fagus , faisg
near, Irish fogus, Early Irish focus, ocus, Old Irish accus, Welsh agos, Breton hôgoz, *aggostu-. See agus.
faic
see, Irish faic, Old Irish im-aci, vides-ne, *ád-cî, See chì. The f is prothetic.
faich, faiche
a green (by the house), Irish, Early Irish faithche, the field nearest the house, Early Irish faidche, *ad-cáio-, "by the house", Celtic kaio-n, house; See ceàrdach. Ascoli refers it to Old Irish aith, area (an imaginary word), and Jubainville allies it with Welsh gwaen, plain, German weide (see bhàn for Welsh).
faiche
a crab, or lobster's, burrow (M`A.); See aice:
faichd
hiding place, den, mole's burrow; See aice.
faicheil
stately, showy; cf. Irish faicheallach, luminous:
faicill
caution, guard, Early Irish accill, preparation, watch: *ád-ciall; from ciall, sense? CF. dìchioll.
fàidh
a prophet, Irish fáidh, Old Irish fáith, *vâti-s; Latin vates; Norse óðr, sense, song, Middle English wood, Scottish wud (= mad), German with, rage. Welsh has gwawd, carmen: *vâto-.
faidhbhile
a beech, Irish feagha, fagh-vile (Lh., Comp.Voc.), Welsh ffawydden, Breton fao; from Latin fagus. Gaelic adds the old word bile, a tree, which is the same in origin as bile, leaf.
faidhir
a fair, Irish faidhrín; founded on English fair, faire (from Latin feria). For phonetics, cf. paidhir from pair, and staidhir from stair.
faidseach
lumpish ( Sh.); faidse, lump of bread ( M`A.):
faigh
get, Irish faghaim, Early Irish fagbaim, Old Irish ní fogbai, non invenis, from fo-gabim, root gab of gabh, q.v.
faighe
begging, etc.; See faoighe.
faighnich , foighnich
ask: *vo-gen-, root gen, know, as in aithne. Cf. Early Irish imma foacht, asked. Windisch refers to iar-faigim, iarfacht, I asked, = iarmifoacht, root ag, say. iarmi-fo-siag (St. R.C.@+19 177).
fail, foil
corrupt, putrefy, parboil; root vel, bubble, boil; Norse vella, boil, English well, German wallen, bubble.
fail, foil
a stye, Irish fail, Old Irish foil, mucc-foil, hara, trét-foil, Welsh gwâl, couch, *vali-, root vel, cover, encircle; Greek @Gei@'lúw, envelop (*velu-), @Gei@'@?nlar, shelter; Sanskrit valá, cave, vali, projecting thatched roof. In the sense of "encircling, rolling", add Latin volvo, volumen, English volume, wallow, etc. Further allied is Gaelic olann, wool, English wool, Latin lâna, etc.
fail, fàil
a ring, Irish fáil, Old Irish foil, g. falach, *valex; Greek @Ge@`lix, a twist, spire, vine-tendril; root vel, "circle", as above in fail. Cf. for vowel fàl, dike; Breton gwalen, "bague sans chaton". Also failbhe, Irish failge, for failghe; from the stem falach or falagh condensed to falgh.
failc
bathe, lave, Irish folcadh, Old Irish folcaim, Welsh golchi, Breton goalc'hi, wash, *volkô; Lettic wa'lks, damp, wa'lka, flowing water, swampish place. Further allied is Gaelic fliuch, q.v. Possibly here place Volcae, the Rhine Gauls, after whom the Teutons named the Celts; whence Wales, Welsh, etc.
failcin
pot-lid (Arran), failceann ( Rob.); from fail, ring (Rob.).
fàile
smell, savour; See àile.
fàileag
dog-brier berry (= mucag):
faileagan
little lawns (Carm.): cf. àilean.
faileas
shadow, aileas (Dial.); from fo-leus? or allied to ail, mark?
failleagan, ailleagan, faillean
root or hole of the ear, faillean, sucker of a tree: *al-nio-, root al, nourish?
fàillig , fàilnich
fail, fàillinn, failing, Irish faillighim, Early Irish faill, failure, Welsh gwall, Breton goall, *valni-; root val of feall, q.v. Borrowing from English fail, from Latin fallo, is however, possible in the modern languages.
failm
a helm; from the Norse hjálm, English helm.
failmean
kneepan (M`A.); from fail, ring ( Rob.). See falman.
fàilt , fàilte
welcome, hail! Irish, Old Irish fáilte, *vâletiâ, root vâl, vel, glow; Welsh gwawl, lumen; Greek a@'léa, warmth, sun's heat; Gothic vulan, be hot, Old High German walm, heat (Bez.). Cf. Caesar's Valetiacus. Borrowing from Latin valête seems to be Zimmer's view (Zeit. @+30 28). Rhys suggests Welsh gwell; Hend., English wealth.
fainear
under consideration, Irish fa deára, remark, fé ndeár, fé ndeara (Munster). Foley gives tabhair fa d'aire = "observe". "Thoir fainear" = observe, consider. The above may be a fixed fa d'aire = fa-deara, with n from the plural an, their.
fainleag, ainleag
a swallow, Irish áinleóg, Old Irish fannall, Welsh gwennol, Cornish guennol, Breton gwenneli *vannello. Cf. French vanneau, lapwing, It. vannello, Medieval Latin vannellus, which is usually referred to Latin vannus, fan. *vat-n-allo-s (Holden).
fàinne
a ring, Irish fáinne, áinne, Old Irish ánne, *ânniâ; Latin ânus, English annular.
fair, fàir, far
fetch, bring; a curtailed form of tabhair through thabhair or (tha)bhair? Cf. thoir.
fàir
dawn, Early Irish fáir, Welsh gwawr, Breton gouere-, morning, gwereleuen, morning-star, *vâsri-, Lithuanian vasará, summer, Sanskrit vâsará, early shining, morning (adj.), Latin ver, spring, Greek @Ge@'/ar, spring (Stokes).
fàir, fàire
ridge, sky-line; from fàir, dawn? Cf., however, Irish faireóg, hillock, and fàireag, below.
fairc
bathe; See fathraig.
fairc
links, lands sometimes covered by the sea (M`A., who says that in Islay it means "hole"); from English park?
fairce, fairche
(M`D.), a mallet, Irish farcha, farcha, farca, Middle Irish farca, Early Irish forcha tened, thunderbolt; root ark as in adharc?
faircill
a cask or pot lid, Early Irish farcle: *vor-cel-, root cel, cover.
faire
watching, Irish, Early Irish faire; See aire.
fàireag
a gland, swollen gland, Irish fáireóg ( Fol., O'R.); cf. Welsh chwaren, gland, blotch, root sver, hurt, German schwer, difficult. The Welsh precludes comparison with Latin va@urus, pimple, varix, dilated vein, English varicose.
fairge
the ocean,Irish fairrge, Old Irish fairgge, Ptolemy's Vergivios, the Irish Atlantic; from the same root as fearg. In Sutherland fairge means the "ocean in storm". Usually pronounced as if fairce. Welsh Môr Werydd, the Atlantic.
fairgneadh
hacking, sacking:


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