MacBain's Dictionary - Section 30

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propanach
a boy (Wh.):
prosnaich
incite; See brosnaich.
protaig
a trick; from Scottish prattick, trick, stratagem, Anglo-Saxon pr@oett, craft, pr@oetig, tricky, English pretty, Norse prettr, a trick.
prothaisd
a provost; from the English
pubull
a tet, Irish pupal, g. puible, Old Irish pupall, Welsh pabell, pebyll; from Latin papilio, butterfly, tent, Eg. pavilion. See pàilliun.
pùc
push, jostle; from the Scottish powk, thrust, dig, Middle English pukken, pouken, póken, to thrust, poke, English poke, German pochen, knock, Dial. fùc.
pucaid
a pimple; See bucaid.
pudhar
harm, injury, Irish púdhar (O'Br.), Middle Irish pudar, Early Irish púdar, pudar; from Latin pudor, shame. Usually taken as borrowed from Latin pûtor, rottenness, English putrid.
pùic
a bribe:
puicean
a veil, covering, Irish puicín:
puidse
a pouch; from the English
puinneag
sorrel:
puinneanach
beat, thump; from Middle English pounen, now pound, Anglo-Saxon punian.
puinse
punch, toddy; from English punch.
puinsean , puision
poison; from the English Manx has pyshoon.
pùirleag
a crest, tuft, Irish puirleógach, crested, tufted ( O'Br., Sh.), puirleog (O'R.) - an Irish word. See pùrlag.
pulag
round stone, ball, pedestal, also pulag; from Middle English boule, a ball or bowl, now bowl, French boule.
pulaidh
turkey cock: French poulet.
pùlas
pot-hook (Dial.); See bùlas.
punc
a point, note, Irish punc, Old Irish ponc, Welsh pwnc; from Latin punctum, English point.
punnan
a sheaf, Manx bunney, Irish punnann, Early Irish punann, pundand (Corm.); from Norse bundin, a sheaf, bundle, English bundle, bind.
punnd
a pound, Irish punta, punt, Middle Irish punt; from the English
punnd
a place for securing stray cattle, a pound; from the English pound.
punntainn, funntainn
benumbment by cold or damp; cf. English swoon, Middle English swoghne, *swog-. Cf. Scottish fundy.
purgaid
a purge, Irish purgóid; from Latin purgatio, English purgation, purge.
purgadoir
purgatory, Irish purgadóir, Early Irish purgatoir, Breton purgator; from Latin purgatorium, English purgatory.
pùrlag
a rag, tatter, fragment:
purp , purpais
sense, mental faculty; from English purpose.
purpaidh , purpur
purple, Irish purpuir, Middle Irish purpuir, Welsh porphor: from Latin purpura, English purple. The old Gadelic form, borrowed through British, is corcur.
purr
thrust, push; from Scottish porr, thrust, stab, Dutch porren, poke, thrust, Low.German purren, poke about; further English pore.
pus
a cat, Irish pus; from the English
put
the cheek (Stew., H.S.D.); from English pout.
put
thrust, push; from Scottish put, push, thrust, Middle English puten, push, now English put. Also Gaelic but, butadh.
pùt
young of moorfowl; from Scottish pout (do.), English poult, chicken, from French poulet, from Latin pulla, a hen, pullus, young fowl.
pùt
a large buoy, usually of inflated sheepskin; seemingly of Scand. origin - Swedish Dial. puta, be inflated; cf. English pudding, Welsh pwtyn, a short round body, Cornish pot, bag, pudding.
putag
oarpin, also butag; from English butt. Cf. Am Buta Leòdhasach, the Butt of Lewis.
putag
a pudding, Irish putóg; from the English
putag
a small rig of land (H.S.D.):
putan
a button, Welsh botwn; from English button.
puth
puff, sound of a shot, syllable; onomatopoetic. Cf. English puff, etc.
puthar
power (M`A.); from the English power.

R

ràbach
litigious, Irish rábach, litigious, bullying:
rabhadh
a warning, so Irish, Early Irish robuth, forewarning: ro+buth, latter from *buto-, root @gu, cry, Greek @Gboc/, shout, Sanskrit gu, be heard. Welsh rhybudd is from the Root qu (Stokes, Rev.Celt.@+12).
rabhart , reothairt
springtide, Manx royart, Irish romhairt, rabharta, Middle Irish robarta, Old Irish robarti, malinas, (sing. *robarte), Welsh fhyferth: ro+bertio-, "pro-fero", root bher of beir.
rabhan
rhapsody, repetition, Irish rabhán, repetition: from ro and *ba, say, root bhâ, Latin fâri, speak, English fame, fate.
rabhart
upbraiding, senseless talk; from ro and ber of abair, say, q.v.
rabhd
idle talk: *ro-bant, root ba, speak, as in rabhan.
rac
the ring kepping the yard to the mast, the "traveller"; from Norse rakki (do.).
ràc
a rake, Irish ráca, Welsh rhacan; from Middle English rake, English rake.
ràc
a drake; from the English, earlier English endrake. The loss of d is due to the article.
racadh
tearing; See srac.
racadal
horse-radish ( Sh., H.S.D., Arms.), ràcadal ( M`E.), Irish rácadal; See rotacal.
racaid
noise; cf. the Scottish, English racket. Skeat takes the English from the Gaelic, referring the Gaelic to rac, to make a noise like geese or ducks. See ràcail.
ràcail
noise of geese (H.S.D.); cf. Scottish rackle. See ràcain.
ràcain
noise, riot, mischief, ràcaireachd, croaking, Irish racan; cf. Breton rakat, rakal, croak, raklat, cry as a hen; Latin raccare, cry as a tiger, Lithuanian re@?kti, cry, root rak. The words are greatly onomatopoetic.
racan
a bandy or crooked stick; cf. rac.
racas
sail hoop; See rac.
rach
go, Irish rachad, I will go, Early Irish ragat, ibo, Old Irish doreg, veniam; root reg, stretch. See éirich for the root connections.
rachd
vexation, moan, Irish rachd, a fit as of crying or tears: cf. racaid.
rachd
strength (Carm.):
rachdan
a tartan plaid worn mantle-wise:
racuis
rack, roasting apparatus, Irish raca; from the English rack, Middle English racke.
radan
a rat; from Scottish ratton, Middle English raton, now rat.
ràdh
sayinng, Irish rádh, Old Irish rád, ráidiu, I speak: Indo-European rôdh-éjô; Gothic rôdja, I speak; Sanskrit râdhayati, brings about; root re@-dh, re@--dh, re@-, of Latin reor, think, ratio, reason.
radharc
sight, Irish radharc, Early Irish radarc, rodarc: ro+darc; for darc See dearc, behold.
rag
a wrinkle, Irish rag (O'Br., etc.); See roc.
rag
stiff, benumbed, unwilling, Manx, rag, stiff, Irish rag (Fol.); *razgo-, root reg, rag, Latin rigeo, rigid, English rack, Norse rakr, straight, Lithuanian rezgù, knit. Hence rogaim (so Irish in Lh., etc.), sneeze-wort (Cam.).
rag
a rag; from the English
ragair
extortioner, villain; from English rack, as in rack-rent. Dial. Gaelic has rògair, for and from "rogue".
raghan, raghadh
choice; See roghainn.
raghan
churchyard (Sutherland); cf. Irish ráth, barrow, the same as Gaelic ràth.
raghar, radhar
an arable but untilled field (H.S.D., Dial.):
ràichd
impertinence, idle prating (M`F., etc.):
ràideil
inventive, sly, Irish raideamhuil, cunning, sly:
raidhlich
rag, cast off clothes (Suth.); Latin reliquiae.
ràidse
a prating fellow; founded on ràdh.
ràinig
came, Irish ránaig, Old Irish ránic, vênit; for r-ánic, ro-ánic; See thàinig.
raip
filth, foul mouth, raipeas, foul mouth, rapach, slovenly, foul-mouthed; Middle Irish rap, annimals that draw food to them from earth, as the pig and its like (O'Cl.), Early Irish rap (Corm., rop for cows, etc.): rab-tho-, root rab, srab, Latin sorbeo? Stokes gives the stem as *rapno-, root rap of Latin rapio, I seize. The German raffen, seize, snatch, has also been suggested.
raisean
goat's tail:
ràite
a saying, dictum; for ràdhte, a participial formation.
ràiteach
covenanting, affiancing (Suth.); See ràth, ràthan.
ràith
a quarter of a year, Irish ráithe, Middle Irish raithe: *râtio, from r@-@.t-, Sanskrit r@.tu, season of the year, appointed time for worship, Zend (ratu) do.
ràith
a threatening:
raith
prating largely (M`D.):
raithneach , raineach
fern, Irish raithneach, raith, Welsh rhedyn, cor. reden, Old Breton raten, Breton raden, Gaulish ratis: *pratis; Lithuanian papartis, Russ. paporoti@u; English fern.
ramachdair
a coarse fellow:
ramair
a blockhead, a romp; cf. ramalair.
ramasg
sea tangle:
ràmh
an oar, Irish rámha, Old Irish ráme, Welsh rhaw, spade, Cornish rêv, oar, Breton roenv: *râmo-; root ere re@-, ro@-; Latin rêmus, (resmo-); Greek @Ge@'retmós; English rudder; Sanskrit aritras.
ramhlair
humorous, noisy fellow; from English rambler. Also, Badenoch Dial., ramalair, rambler.
ràn
roar, cry; Sanskrit , bark, ran@., sound, râyan@.a, crying; Church Slavonic raru@u, sonitus, Lettic rát, scold; and cf. Latin rânu, frog.
rangoir
a wrangler; founded on the English
rann
a division, portion, Irish, Old Irish rann, Welsh rhan, Cornish ran, later radn, Old Breton rannou, partimonia: *(p)rannâ, *pratsnâ, root par, per; Latin pars, partis, portio; Greek @Gporei@nn, supply, @Gpépwtai (perf.pass. of @Gporei@nn).
rann
a quatrain, stave, Irish rann, Early Irish rann, rand; from rann above ( rann, stave, is mas. in Early Irish, the other rann is fem.).
ranndair
a murmuring, complaining (H.S.D., Dial.); cf. ràn.
rannsaich
search, scrutinize, Irish rannsuighim; from Norse rannsaka, search a house, ransack, whence English ransack.
ranntair
a range, extent of territory: "division", from rann.
raog
a rushing (H.S.D., Dial.); cf. ruaig.
raoic , raoichd
hoarse sound or cry, wild roaring, as of bull; raibheic (M`A.), pronounced raoi'c, roar: *ro-beuc.
raoine
a young barren cow that had calf; cf. Scottish rhind, as in rhind mart, German rind, cattle, beeves. In Suth. reithneach.
raoir , an raoir
last night, Irish a raoir, a réir, Old Irish aréir, *pre-ri, root as in riamh (Asc., St.). The Sanskrit râtri, night, has been compared, but the phonetics do not suit, and also Latin retro. Cf. also earar, uiridh.
raoit
indecent mirth; from Scottish riot (do.), English riot.
raon
a field, plain, road, so Irish, Early Irish roen, road, Old Irish roe, rói, plain: *roves-no-, *roves-jâ? Latin rus, rûris; English room. Norse rein, a strip of land, suggests the possibility of a Gadelic *roino-.
rapach
dirty-mouthed; See raip.
ràpach
noisy, ràpal, noise, Irish rápal, noise, bustle; founded on English rabble.
ras
a shrub ( M`F., not M`A. or M`E.), Irish ras ( O'Br., etc.):
ràsan
harsh, grating noise, loquacity, ràsanach, discordant, Irish ráscach, clamorous, talkative; cf. ràn, for ultimate root.
ràsdail
a rake, harrow, Early Irish rastal; from Latin rastellus, rake, hoe, rastrum, from râdo, scrape, English raze, rash, etc.
ràsdail
sound of frying meat; cf. ròsd.
rath
prosperity, so Irish, Old Irish rath, gratia, Welsh rhad, grace, favour: *rato-n, root , give; Sanskrit râti, gift, râs, rayis, property, Zend râta, gift; Latin rês.
ràth
a raft, Irish rathannaibh, (on) rafts (Four Masters); Latin ratis. The root is the same as that of ràmh (= ret, rât here).
ràth , ràthan
surety, vadimonium, Irish rath ( O'Br., O'Cl.), Old Irish ráth; cf. Old Breton rad, stipulationes, which Stokes equates with Irish rath, and says that it is from Latin ra@utum (ratum facere = "ratify"), a derivation to which Loth objects. Hibernian Latin has rata for surety. The Latin and Gaelic are ultimately from the same root in any case (see ràdh).
++ràth
a fortress, residence, Irish ráth, Early Irish ráth, ráith, g. rátha, Gaulish ratin, Argento-ratum: *râti-s, *râto-n; cf. Latin prâtum, a mead. Welsh rhath, cleared spot; borrowed from Gaelic? (Rhys).
rathad
a road, Irish ráthad, ród; from Middle English roade, road, Anglo-Saxon rád; cf. Middle Irish ramhad (O'Cl.), Early Irish ramut (Corm.).
the moon, Irish, Old Irish , luna: *revi, Sanskrit ravi, sun.
time, space, Irish , Old Irish , g. ree, space: *revesi-, the e form of Old Irish rói, *rovesjâ, discussed under raon, q.v. Hence the prep. , during, which governs the genitive.
reabh
wile, trick, reabhair, subtle fellow, reabhradh, disporting, as boys (Badenoch), Irish reabh (O'Cl.), reabhach, mountebank, the devil, reabhradh, Early Irish rebrad, boys playing, sporting; root reb, play. Bez. compares Middle High German reben, move, stir, Swiss räbeln, to brawl, be noisy, to which add English rabble. Cf. Zim. Stud.@+1 83,84.
reachd
law, statute, so Irish, Old Irish recht, Welsh rhaith, Breton reiz, just: *rektu-, from the root reg; Latin rectum, right, rego, rule; English right.
reachd
a loud sob, keen sorrow, Irish rachd (also Gaelic rachd), Early Irish recht; cf. English reck.
reamhar
fat, Irish reamhar, ramhar, Early Irish remor (remro-), Welsh rhef, thick; root rem, to be thick; Norse ramr, strong, stark. Stokes gives the alternatives of Middle High German fram, vrom, sound, brave, Old Sax. furm, or Greek @Gprémnon, stem, thick end.
reang
a wrinkle in the face: "a rib"; See reang, boat-rib.
reang
a rank, series; from early Scottish renk, Middle English reng, now rank; Irish ranc, Welsh rheng, Breton renk; Old French renc.
reang
a boat-rib, rangan (Sutherland), reang, a bar, pole (Carm.); from Norse röng, g. rangar, a ship-rib. See rong.
reang
kill, starve (M`F.), Early Irish ringim, I tear, reangadh, to hang, reng, piercing or tearing. See tarruing.
reannach
spotted, striped: "starred"; See reannag.
reannag
a star, Irish reannán, Old Irish rind, constellation, signum, sidus: *rendi-, root red, r@.d, order; Lithuanian rinda, row, order, Ch.Slavonic re@?du@u, ordo; Greek @Ge@'rcrédetai, fixed; Latin ordo (Fick, Prellwitz).
reasach
talkative, prattling (H.S.D., Dial.), Irish réascach, ráscach; See rásan.
reasgach
stubborn, irascible, restive:
reic
sell, Irish reic, a sale, Old Irish recc, a sale, reccaim (vb.), also renim, I sell: root per, through, over ("sell over sea"); Greek peraw, sell, pass through, @Gpipráskw, @Gperncmi, I sell; Lithuanian pirkti, perkù, buy. The Gadelic and Lithuanian how a secondary root perk, prek, Gadelic *(p)rek-kâ, while Old Irish renim and Greek @Gperncmi give a stem perna@--, prena@u- (Irish).
réic
roar, howl (H.S.D.):
réidh
plain, smooth, Irish réidh, Old Irish réid, Welsh rhwydd, Old Welsh ruid, Old Breton roed, Middle Breton roez, Breton rouez: *reidi-; English ready, German bereit, Gothic garaids, ordered. Also Old Irish riadaim, I drive, Gaulish rêda, waggon, allied to English ride, German reiten, etc.
réilig
a burying ground, Manx ruillick, Irish reilig, roilig, Early Irish relic(c), relec(c), Old Irish reilic, cemeterium; from Latin reliquiæ, relics.
réim
dominion, power, Irish réim:
réim
course, order, Irish réim, Old Irish réimm, inf. to rethim, I run: *reid-s-men-, root reid of réidh, Old Irish riadaim, I drive. Strachan suggests as alternates root rengh, spring, leap (cf. Welsh rhamu, soar), Greek @Grímfa, quickly, German ge-ring, light, Lithuanian rengtis, hurry; or root ret, run (see ruith), *retmen, or rather, *ret-s-men, which would only give re@umm.
réir, a réir
according to, Irish a réir, do réir; dat. of riar, q.v.
réis
a race; from the English (H.S.D.). Cf. réise, span, of Early Irish
réis
a span, Irish réise: *prendsiâ, from sprend, Lithuanian spréstî, to measure a span, root sprend (Strachan).
reisimeid
a regiment; from the English
réit , réite
concord, conciliation, Irish réidhteach; réidh, with terminal -tio-.
reithe , reath
a ram, Irish reithe, Early Irish rethe: *retio-; cf. Latin aries (*eriét-), Umbrian erietu (from eri-), Greek @Ge@'/riofos, etc., as in earb.
reodh , reotha
frost, Irish reó, reodhadh, Early Irish reo, reod, Old Irish reúd, Welsh rhew, Cornish reu, gelu, Breton reo, rev. Stokes gives the stem as *regu-, even suggesting that the Gadelic forms are borrowed from the Cymric; Old Irish réud he refers to *presatu-. Indo-European preus, whence Latin pruina, English freeze, has been suggested, but the vowels do not immediatley suit (preus would give rua-, ró- or ro-, in Gaelic); yet *prevo-, a longer form (with or without s) of preu-s, can account for the Celtic forms.
reub, riab
tear, wound, Irish reubaim, réabaim, Early Irish rébaim, rép-gaeth, rending wind: *reibbo-, root reib, English reap, ripe, and rip(?). Stokes gives the stem as *reip-nó-, root reip of Greek @Ge@'reípw, dash down, Latin rîpa, English rive, rift, Norse rifna, rumpi, rífa, break. Gaelic reubainn, rapine, leans for its form and force on Latin rapina. Welsh rheibio, seize, is from Latin rapio.
reubal
a rebel; from the English
reudan
a timber moth; cf. Old Irish rétan, recula, small thing, from rét, now rud, q.v.
reul
pl., reultan, star, Irish reult, g. réilte, Early Irish retla, g. retland, retglu, g. retgland ("rét glé, bright thing", Corm.); perhaps rét, thing, and *gland, shining, German glanz (see gleus).
reumail
constant (Arms.); from réim, course.
reusan
reason, Irish reusun, Middle Irish résún, from Middle English reisun, now reason.
reusbaid
a beggar's brat (Arran), a rascal:
ri
to, against, Irish re, Old Irish ri, fri, in composition frith-, fris-, fre-, Welsh gwrth, wrth, versus, contra, re-, Cornish orth, Breton ouz; *vr@.ti, root vert, turn; Latin versus, against, to, verto, turn; English -wards, etc.
riabhach
brindled, greyish, so Irish, Middle Irish riab, a stripe: *reibâko-, Lithuanian raíbas, mottled grey, Lettic raibs, motley, Old Prussian roaban, striped.
riabhag
a lark, Irish riabhóg, "grey one", from riabhach.
riach
cut the surface, graze. Although there is Indo-European reiko-, notch, break (Greek @Ge@'reíkw, tear, Lit raiky/ti, draw a furrow, etc., German reihe, row, English row), yet it seems most probable that riach is a variant of strìoch, q.v.
riachaid
a distributing:
riachlaid
tattered garment (Suth.):
riadh
interest; from an older ríad, running, course (see réidh for root). Cf. for force Middle Irish rith, interest: "running".
riadh
a drill (as of potatoes, Badenoch): "course, running", as in the case of riadh above. See riamh.
riadh
a snare: *reigo-, root rig in cuibhreach?
riaghailt
a rule, Irish riaghail, Old Irish riagul, riagol; from Latin rêgula, English rule. Hence also riaghail rule thou.
riaghan
a swing, swinging; cf. Irish riagh, gallows, riaghadh, hanging, gibbeting, Old Irish riag, gibbet. Cf. riadh, snare.
riamh
a drill (of potatoes, turnips, etc, M`A. for Skye); See riadh. H.S.D. gives the meaning of "series, number", Irish ríomh, Old Irish rím, number, Welsh rhif, as in àireamh, q.v.
riamh
ever, before, Irish riamh, Old Irish riam, antea: *reimo-, preimo-, Indo-European pri, prî, belonging as a case to pro, before, and per; Latin pri- (in pris cus, primus, etc.), Lith. pri, Gothic fri-, See roimh.
rian
order, mode, sobriety, Irish rian, way or path, Early Irish rian, way, manner: *reino-, root rei; Latin rîtus, English rite (Strachan).
riar
will, pleasure, Irish riar, Old Irish riar, voluntas: *prîjarâ (Stokes), root prî, love, please; English friend, Gothic frijon, to love; Church Slavonic prijati, be favourable; Sanskrit pri@-/yate, be gratified, prîn@.âti, enjoy.
riasail
tear asunder, riasladh, mangling, tearing asunder: *reik-so-, root reik, notch, break; Greek @Ge@'reíkw, tear? Cf. riastradh riach; and riaghan, a swing.
riasg
dirk-grass, morass with sedge, land covered with sedge or dirk-grass, Manx reeast, wilderness, Irish riasg, moor or fen, Early Irish riasc, morass; *reisko-; cf. Latin rûscum (*roiscum?), butcher's broom, English rush. Scottish reesk, coarse grass, marshy land, is from Gaelic
riasglach
a mangled carcase (H.S.D., Dial.); from stem of riasail.
riaspach , riasplach
confused, disordered; See riastradh.
riastradh
turbulance, confusion, wandering, Early Irish ríastrad, distortion. For root, cf. riasail. Welsh rhywstro, obstruct ( Hend.).
riatach
wanton, illegitimate; cf. English riot.
rib
hair, snare, Irish ribe, ruibe, hair, whisker. See ribeag.
ribeag
rag, tassel, fringe, ribean, riband, Irish ribeóg, rag, tassel, ribleach, a long line, anything tangled, ribín, riband; from Middle English riban, Old French riban (Breton ruban).
ribheid
a reed, bagpipe reed, musical note, Irish ribheid; from Middle English re@-od, now reed.
rìbhinn , rìoghann
a nymph, young lady, quean, Irish ríoghan, queen, Early Irish rígan, a derivative of rìgh, king. Gaelic leans, by proper etymology, on rìgh-bhean.
rideal
a riddle; from the English
ridhe
field, bottom of a valley (H.S.D.); better righe. See ruighe.
ridir
a knight, Irish ridire, Early Irish ritire, Welsh rheidyr; from Anglo-Saxon ridere, horseman, ridda(n), knight, German ritter, knight, Norse riddari, rider, knight; from the verb ride (see réidh).
rìgh
a king, Irish rígh, Old Irish , g. ríg, Welsh rhi, Gaulish -rix, pl. -riges: *rêks, g. rêgos; Latin rex, rêgis; Gothic reiks, ruler, English rich, -ric; Sanskrit râj, king, our rajah.
righ
stretch (on a death bed), Irish righim, stretch, reach, Early Irish rigim, Latin rego, etc., as under righinn.
righil
a rell, dance; See ruithil.
righinn
tough, pliant, tenacious, Irish righin: *reg-eni-; root reg, stretch, Greek @Go@'régw, stretch, Latin porrigo, rego, etc. See éirich.
rinn
a point, promontory, Irish rind, Old Irish rinnd, rind, Welsh rhyn, pehrhyn, cape. It has been analysed as ro-ind, "fore-end", Early Irish ind, end, English end. Cf. reannag, however.


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