MacBain's Dictionary - Section 31

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rinn
did, Irish rinn, Old Irish rigni, fecit; from ro and gni of , will do, q.v. See also gnìomh.
riochd
appearance, form, Irish riochd, Old Irish richt, Welsh rhith: *riktu-, *r@.ktu- (?); for root, See that of dorch.
riodag
kind of sea-gull (Lewis); Norse rytr, sea-gull.
riof
the reef of a sail; from the English
riofa
brimstone (Nunro's Greek):
rìomhach
fine, costly, handsome, Irish rímheighe, finery, delicateness: *rîmo-, "measured"; root rîm of àireamh?
rionnach, reannach
a mackerel: "streaked, spotted", from reann, star, connstellation. See reannag.
riopail
mangle, tear (H.S.D.); founded on English rip.
riplis
weakness in the back (Suth); Scottish ripples.
rìreadh, a rìreadh
really, in earnest, Irish ríreadh, da ríreadh or ríribh, revera; from *ro-fhìr, very true?
risteal
a surface plough, used in the Hebrides, drawn by one horse and having a sickle-like coulter, Scottish ristle; from the Norse ristill, ploughshare, from rísta, cut.
rithisd, rithis
rìs, a rithisd, etc., again, Irish arís, Old Irish arithissi, afrithissi, rursus. Ascoli suggests *frith-éisse, from éis, vestigium (see déis). Others have derived it from *ar-fithis, Old Irish fithíssi, absidas, fithis, a circle, orbit. The a at the beginning is for ar-: *ar-frithissi, that is, air, by, on, q.v. The root may well be sta, stand, reduplicated to *sistio-: thus *frith(sh)issi-, "resistere, backness".
ro
very, Irish , Old Irish ro-, Welsh rhy-, Breton re, Old Breton ro-, ru-, Gaulish ro- (Ro-smerta, Ro-danos, etc.): *ro-, *pro-, which is both a verbal and an intensive particle; Latin pro; Greek @Gpró, before; English fore, for; Sanskrit pra, before.
ròb
coarse hair; founded on English rope.
robair
a robber; from the English The Irish has robail for "rob".
robhas
notification, information about anything lost; cf. robhadh for root, the old form of rabhadh, q.v.
robhd
a runt; English rout?
roc
a rock; from the English roc, a tempest covered rock (Heb.), so M`K., who derives from Norse rok.
roc
a wrinkle, crease, Irish rocán, rug; from the Norse hrukka, wrinkle, fold, English ruck, fold (Thurneysen). See rug.
ròc
a hoarse voice; founded on the Norse hrókr, rook, croaker, Gaelic ròcas, crow, Norse hrókr, rook. Welsh has rhoch, grunt, groan, Breton roc'ha, which Stokes refers to *rokka, Greek @Grégkw, snore.
rocail
tear, corrugate; in the latter sense, it is from roc, wrinkle, and, probably, the first meaning is of the same origin. See, however, racadh.
ròcas
a crow; from Norse hrókr, Middle English rook, Anglo-Saxon hr/oc.
ròchd
a cough, retching (Dial.); See ròc.
ròd
a way, road, Irish ród, Early Irish ród; from Anglo-Saxon rád, Middle English rode, now road.
ròd
a quantity of sea-weed cast on the shore; cf. Irish ród, a cast, shot (O'R.), Early Irish rout.
ròd
a rood (of land or mason-work); from the English
rodach
sea-weed growth on timber under water; cf. ròd, sea weed.
rodaidh
ruddy, darkish, Middle Irish rotaide: *rud-do-, root rud, roud of ruadh, q.v.
ròg , rògair
a rogue; from the English
roghainn
a choice, Irish rogha, g. roghan, Early Irish rogain, n.pl., Old Irish rogy: *ro-gu, root gu, gus, of taghadh, q.v. Stokes gives the stem as *rogôn and the root as rog, which (Bez.Beit.@+18) he correlates with Latin rogo, ask. Bez. suggests Lithuanian rogáuti, to cost.
ròib
filth, sqalid beard, filth about the mouth; cf. ròpach for root.
ròic
a sumptuous but unrefined feast; seemingly founded on the Scottish rouch as applied to a feast - "plentiful but rough and ready".
ròic
tear ( H.S.D.; Sh. and Arms. have roic); See rocail.
roid
bog myrtle, Irish rideog (O'R.), Middle Irish raidleog, darnel, raideog, bogmyrtle (St.): *raddi. Cf. ras.
roid
a race before a leap, a bounce or spring: *raddi-, *raz-di-, root ras, as in English race?
roilean
snout of a sow; really the "rolled" up part of the snout, and so possibly from English roll.
roileasg
a confused joy, roille, a fawning or too cordial reception; cf. Irish róthoil, exceeding pleasure, from toil, will. Also Gaelic roithleas.
roimh
before, Irish roimh, Old Irish rem-: *(p)r@.mo- (Stokes), root per, as in ro (= pro); in form, nearest allied to English from, Gothic fruma, Lithuanian pirm, before. In the pronominal compounds, where s begins the pronoun, the m and s develop an intermediate p coincident with the eclipse of the s: rompa = *rom-p-shu, where su = sôs (see -sa).
ròin, ròineag
(also ròinn, ròinneag), Irish róine, róinne, a hair, especially a horse hair, Welsh rhawn, coarse long hair, Cornish ruen, Breton reun, a hair, bristle, Sanskrit roman, hair, etc: *râni-; cf. Irish ruain, hair of tail of cow or horse, ruainne, a hair.
roinn
division, share, Irish roinn, Middle Irish roinded, divided: *ranni-, an i stem from rann, q.v.
ròisead
rosin; from the Scottish roset, English rosin.
roiseag
a small potato (M`D.):
ròiseal
surge of a wave, the impetus of a boat, an assault, boasting; from the Scottish roust, strong tide or current, Norse röst, a stream or current in the sea. In the sense of "boast", it is from Scottish rouse, roose, Norse rausan, boasting.
ròisgeul
a romance, rhodomontade; from ro, very, and sgeul, a tale, q.v.
ròist
roast, Irish rósdaim, Welsh rhostio; from the English roast, Old French rostir, from Old High German rôst, craticula.
roithlean
a wheel, pulley, Irish roithleán; from roth, q.v.
rol , rola
a roll, volume, Irish rolla; from Middle English rolle, Old French rolle, Latin rotula; now English roll.
ròlaist
a romance, exaggeration; cf. Scottish, English rigmarole.
ròmach
hairy, rough:
romag
meal and whisky (Sutherland):
ròmhan
wild talk, raving, rigmarole (Dial.); from English row? from Roman? Cf. Welsh rhamant, romance, Irish ramàs, romance.
ròn
the seal, Irish rón, Old Irish rón (before 900), Welsh moelron: *râno-; Lettic rohns, seal (W.Meyer, Zeit.@+28 119). Stokes holds rón as an old borrow from Anglo-Saxon hron or hrón, hrán, whale, while the Lithuanian rùinis, Lettic rõnis, seal, must be from Teutonic. Zimmer suggests Norse hreinn, reindeer, Anglo-Saxon hrán. Cf. names Rónán, Rónóc, Mac Ronchon.
rong
a joining spar, rung, boat-rib, rongas, rungas (Dial.), Irish runga; from Middle English ronge, rung of a ladder, runge, Anglo-Saxon hrung; now English rung; Norse röng, main rafter, pole. The words reang and rang or rangan, "boat-rib", are from the Norse.
rong
the vital spark, life:
rongair
a lounger; cf. rongair.
rongair , rong
a lean person; from rong, rung: "like a ladder". The Scottish has rung in this sense: "an ugly, big-boned animal or person".
ronn
a slaver, a spittle, Early Irish ronna, running of the nose: *runno-; cf. English run.
ròp
a rope, Irish rópa; from Middle English rope, roop, Anglo-Saxon ráp; now English rope.
ròpach
slovenly, squalid, Irish rúpach, a young slut: *roub-tho-; cf. English rub.
ròram
dealing extensively with a family in provisions, etc.; liberality (M`A.):
ros
seed, ros lìn, flax seed (Armstrong's only use for it), Irish ros, flax seed, Middle Irish ros, genealogy, Early Irish ross lín, flax seed (Corm.), ros, genealogy, to which Strachan compares Gothic frasts, for fra-s@?t-s, from pro-sto (Stokes), a child. A usual word for seed is fras, which also means a "shower", but both are ultimately from *verso, flow, whence Greek @Ge@'/rsc, @Ge@`rsc, dew, and @Ga@'rscn, male. Dr. Cameron compared Greek @Gpráson, leek (*pr@.so), English furze.
ros
a promontory, Irish ros, promontory (North Ireland), wood (South Ireland; its usual Irish meaning), Early Irish ross, promontory, wood; in the former sense from *pro-sto-s, "standing out before", root sta, stand, Latin sto, English stand, etc.; especially Sanskrit prastha, plateau. In the sense of "wood", ros is generally regarded as the same word as ros, promontory, explained as "promontorium nemorosum", with which is compared Welsh rhos, a moor, waste, coarse highland, Breton ros, a knoll.
ròs
rose, Irish rósa, Middle Irish rós, Welsh rhosyn; from the Middle English rose, Anglo-Saxon róse, from Latin ro@usa. The word ròs has also the metaphoric meaning of "erysipelas".
ròs
knowledge (Carm.):
rosad
mischance, evil spell: *pro-stanto-, "standing before, obstruction", root sta. Cf. faosaid.
rosg
an eye, eyelid, Irish rosg, Old Irish rosc, oculus: *rog-sko-, root reg, rog, see, Irish réil, clear (*regli-); Lithuanian regiù, I See (Bez. apud Stokes). See dorch.
rosg
aincitement (to battle), war ode, Irish rosg, Early Irish rosc: *ro-sqo-, root seq, say, as in sgeul, cosg, q.v.
rot
a belch, bursting as of waves (H.S.D., Dial.); from French rot.
rotacal
horse radish; from Scottish rotcoll.
rotach
a rush at starting, a running:
rotach
rough weather, rótach? (Lewis); Norse róta, storm.
rotach
a hand rattle to frighten cattle:
rotach
a circle of flith on one's clothes (M`A. for Islay), rotair, a sloven:
rotadh
cutting, dividing; from Scottish rot, lines drawn on the ground to show the work to be done, to furrow, rut; cf. English rut.
rotal
a ship's wake; cf. English rut, route, Latin ruptâ.
roth
a wheel, Irish, Old Irish roth, Welsh rhod (f.), Breton rod: *roto-, root ret, rot; Latin rota, wheel; German rad; Latin rátas, Lettic rats; Sanskrit ráthas, waggon. Same root as ruith, q.v. Hence rotha, a roll (of tobacco), rothaich, roll thou, swathe.
rotha
a screw or vice:
ruadh
red, ruddy, Irish ruadh, Early Irish rúad, Welsh rhudd, Cornish rud, Breton ruz: *roudo-; Latin rûfus, rûber; Greek @Ge@'ruqrós; Gothic rauþs. Anglo-Saxon réad, English red (Scottish reid, Reid); Lithuanian raudà, red colour.
ruag
pursue, ruaig, flight, Irish ruaig (n.), Early Irish ruaic: *rounko-, rouk, root rou, Latin ruo, rush, fall.
ruaim
a flush of anger on the face, Irish ruaim, ruamnadh, reddening: *roud-s-men, from *roud of ruadh.
ruaimhsheanta
hale and jolly though old (M`A. for Islay):
ruaimill
rumble (M`A.); from the English
ruaimle
a dry pool, muddy water (Sh.), Irish ruaimle. In Gaelic the word means also the same as ruaim above, whence indeed ruaimle as "muddy pool" may also be. Cf. Scottish drumblie.
ruaimneach
strong, active, Middle Irish ruamach, Early Irish rúamna (?): *rous-men-; Latin ruo, rush.
ruais
a rhapsody (M`A.):
ruamhair
dig, delve, Irish rómhairim, róghmhar, digging, Early Irish ruamor; root rou, reu, , dig; Latin ruo, dig, râta, minerals; Lithuanian ráuti, dig up.
ruapais
rigmarole (M`A.):
ruathar
violent onset, skirmish, spell, so Irish, Early Irish rúathar, Welsh rhuthr, impetus, insultus: *routro-, root rou, to rush on; Latin ruo, rush.
rub
rub; from the English
rùbail
a tumult, rumbling (M`A.); formed on English rumble.
ruc , rucan
( H.S.D., M`A.), rùc, rùcan ( M`E., etc.), a rick of hay; from Scottish ruck, English rick, ruck, Norse hraukr, heap.
rucas
jostling kind of fondness:
rùchan , rùcan
the throat, wheezing; cf. Scottish roulk (= rouk), hoarse, French rauque, hoarse, from Latin raucus.
rùchd
a grunt, belch, rumbling noise; from Latin ructo, belch, erûgere, epit out, Lithuanian rúgiu, belch. Cf. Scottish ruck, belch.
rud
a thing, Dial. raod (Arg., Arran), rudach (Arran raodach), hospitable, Irish rud (g. roda), raod, Old Irish rét, g. réto: *rentu-s; Sanskrit rátna, property, goods; also root of rath, q.v.
rùdan
a knuckle, a tendon: *runto-:
rudha
a promontory, Irish rubha, Early Irish rube: *pro-bio-, "being before"; from root bu of the verb "to be"; See bi.
rudha
a blush, Early Irish ruidiud; from root rud, a short form of roud in ruadh, q.v.
rudhag , rùdhag
(Suth.), a crab, partan:
rudhagail
thrift (M`A.):
rùdhan
a small stack of corn ( H.S.D., M`E.); See rùthan, peat heap, with which and with rùcan this form and meaning are made up.
rùdhrach
searching, groping, Irish rúdhrach, a darkening:
rug
wrinkle, Irish rug; from Norse hrukka, a wrinkle, fold, English ruck, a crease.
rub
caught, Irish rug, Early Irish ruc, rucc, tulit, Old Irish rouic: *ro+ucc-, where ucc = *ud-gos-a, root ges, carry, Latin gero, gestum. See thug.
ruga
rough cloth (M`A.); from English rug, Middle English ruggi, hairy, Swed. ruggig.
rugadh
a greedy grasping of anything; from Scottish rook, deprive of, rookit, cleared out.
rugaid
a long neck (H.S.D.):
rugair
a drunkard ( H.S.D. says Dial., M`A. says N.); from the English For phonetics, cf. ràc, drake.
rugha
a blush; See rather rudha, but rucce ( Corm.) shame, reddening (O'Cl.).
ruic
undesirable fondness (M`D.):
ruicean
a pimple: *rud-ki-, from rud, roud, red, as in ruadh.
ruidhil , ruidhle
(Arg.), a dance; See ruithil.
ruidhil
a yarn reel; from Middle English reel, hréol, Anglo-Saxon hréol.
ruidhleadh
rolling; from ruith, roth.
ruidhtear
a glutton, riotous liver; from English rioter.
ruididh
merry, frisky, Irish ruidéiseach, from ruidéis, a sporting mood. Cf. ruidhtear.
ruig
half castrated ram; from English rig, ridgeling.
ruig
reach, arrive at, Old Irish riccim, riccu; from ro and iccim, for which See thig. Hence gu ruig, as far as, Old Gaelic gonice (Book of Deer), Early Irish corrici.
ruighe
an arm, forearm, Irish righ, Early Irish rig, forearm: *regit-, root reg, stretch, Latin rego, etc. See ruigheachd.
ruighe
the outstretched part or base of a mountain, shealing ground, Early Irish rige, rigid, a reach, reaches; from the root reg, stretch, as in the case of the foregoing words.
ruigheachd , ruighinn
reaching, arriving, Irish righim, I reach, inf. riachdain, rochdain, Early Irish rigim, porrigo: *regô; Latin rego, erigo, porrigo, I stretch; Greek @Go@'régw, stretch; further is English right, etc. See éirich.
ruighean
wool-roll ready to spin; from the same rroot as ruighe.
ruinn
a point; See rinn.
ruinnse
a long stick or stake, an animal's tail, rump:
ruinnse
a rinsing, rinser; from English rinse.
ruis
a rash; formed from the English Cf. Lithuanian russus, root rud.
ruiteach
ruddy, Early Irish rutech: *rud-tiko-, from rud, roud of ruadh. Stokes (Rev.Celt.@+8 366) explained it as *rudidech, but this would give Gaelic ruideach.
ruith
run, Irish riothaim, Old Irish rethim, perf. ráith, inf. rith (d. riuth, Welsh rhedu, to run, rhed, race, Breton redek, Gaulish petor-ritum, four wheeler: *retô; Lithuanian, Lettic ritù, I roll; Latin rota, wheel, rotula, English roll, Latin rotundus, English round. See roth.
ruithil
a reel, dance, also righil, ruidhil: *retoli-, root ret, run, wheel, as in ruith; Latin rotula, little wheel, rotulare, revolve, English roll. Hence English reel (Skeat). The borrowing may be, however,, the other way, and English reel, dance, be the same as reel, a spindle or bobbin. *roteli?
rùm
a room, Irish rúm, Middle Irish rúm, floor (O'Cl.); from the English
rumach
a marsh:
rumpull
the tail, rump; from the Scottish rumple, English rump.
rùn
intention, love, secret, Irish, Old Irish rún, Welsh rhin: *rûnes-; Gothic, Old High German, Norse rúnar, English runes; Greek @Ge@'reunáw, seek out; root revo, search.
rùsal
search, turn over things, scrape, rùsladh, rusleadh, rusling, moving things about (Perth); from English rustle; for ultimate root, See rùn.
rùsg
a fleece, skin, husk, bark, Irish rusg, Old Irish rúsc, cortex, Welsh rhisg, cortex, Cornish rusc, cortex, Breton rusgenn, rusk, bark: *rûsko-; whence French ruche, beehive (of bark), Old French rusche, rusque, Pied. rusca, bark. Stokes thinks the Celtic is probably an old borrwo from the Teutonic - Middle High German rusche, rush, English rush, rushes; but unlikely. The Cornish and Breton vowel u does not tally with Gadelic û; this seems to imply borrowing among the Celts themseles.
rùta
a ram, ridglinng; from Norse hrútr, ram.
rùtachd
rutting: from the English
rutaidh
surly ( Carm.): rut, ram ( Carm.).
rùtan
the hor of a roebuck:
ruth
desire (Carm.):
rùthan
(better rùghan), a peat heap (= dais); from the Norse hrúgi, heap.
rutharach
quarrelsome, fighting (H.S.D. marks it obsolete; Arms.), Irish rútharach (O'R.); from ruathar.

S

-sa, -se, -san
emphatic pronominal particle attached to personal pronouns and to nouns preceded by the possessive pronouns: mi-se, I myself, thu-sa, sibh-se, i-se (she), e-san, iad-san; mo cheann-sa, a cheann-san, his head. So also modern Irish, save that esan is ésean: Old Irish -sa, -se (1st pers.), su, -so, pl. -si (2nd pers.), -som, -sem (3rd pers. m. and n., sing., and pl.), -si (3rd pers. f.). All are cases of the pronominal root so-, -se; Greek @Go@`, the (= @G so); Anglo-Saxon se, the (m.), English she. See so, sin.
sabaid
a brawl, fight; See tabaid:
Sàbaid
Sabbath, Irish Sabóid, Middle Irish sapoit; from Latin sabbatum, whence English sabbath; from Hebrew shabbáth.
sabh
sorrel, Irish samh; better samh, q.v.
sabh
ointment, salve; from Scottish saw, English salve.
sàbh
a saw, Irish sábh; from the English
sàbhail
save, Manx sauail, Irish sabhailim (sábhálaim, O'Br.); from Latin salvare, to save. Kuno Meyer says from English save.
sabhal
a barn, so Irish, Middle Irish saball, Irish Latin zabulum; through Brittonic from Latin stabulum, a stall, English stable. Cf. Middle Irish stéferus = zephyr.
sabhd
a lie, fable (H.S.D., Dial.), straying, lounging; cf. saobh.
sabhs
sauce, Irish sabhsa; from the English
sabhsair
a sausage; founded on the English word.
sac
a sack, Irish sac, Early Irish sacc, Welsh sach; from Anglo-Saxon sacc, English sack, Gothic sakkus, Latin saccus.
sac
a load, burden, Irish sacadh, pressing into a sack or bag, Low Latin saccare (do.); from French sac, pillage, the same as English sack, plunder, all borrowed from saccus, a sack or bag.
sachasan
sand-eel:
sad
dust shaken from anything by beating, a smart blow, sadadh, dusting, beating.
sad
aught (M`D.: Cha 'n' eil sad agam, I have naught):
sagart
a priest, Irish sagart, Old Irish sacart, sacardd; from Latin sacerdos, whence English sacerdotal.
saidealta , soidealta
shy, bashful, Irish soidialta, rude, ignorant; from sodal, q.v.
saidh
an upright beam, prow of a ship, a handle or the part of a blade in the handle:
saidh
bitch; See saigh:
saidh , saidhean
the saith fish (Arg.); from Norse seiðr, the gadus virens, now sei.
saidhe
hay; formed from the English hay by the influence of the article (an t-hay becoming a supposed de-eclipsed say).
saidse
sound of a falling body, a crash, noise (Badenoch Dial. doidse, a dint):
saigean
a corpulent little man:
saigh
a bitch, Irish saith ( Con., Lane, etc.), sagh, saighín (O'Br.), Middle Irish sogh, sodh, Early Irish sod, bitch, she-wolf:
saighdear
soldier, archer, Irish sáighdiur (do.), Middle Irish saigdeoir, sagittarius, Welsh sawdwr, soldier; from Middle English soudiour, sougeour, Scottish sodger, now soldier, confused in Gadelic with an early borrow from Latin sagittarius, archer.
saighead
an arrow, so Irish, Old Irish saiget, Welsh saeth, Cornish seth, Breton saez; from Latin sagitta. For root See ionnsuidh.
sail
a beam, Irish sail: *spali-, allied to German spalten, split, English spill, split.
sàil
a heel, Irish, Old Irish sál, Welsh sawdl, Breton seuzl: *sâtlâ. Ascoli has lately revived the old derivatino from *stâ-tlô-, root sta, stand; but st initial does not in native words become s in Gadelic.
saill
fat or fatness, Irish saill, fat, bacon, pickle: *saldi-; English salt, etc.; Lithuanian saldùs, sweet. See salann further.
saill
salt thou, Irish, Old Irish saillim, condio, *saldio, salt: *salni-; See salann.
sailm
a decoction, oak-bark decoction to staunch blood, a consumption pectoral; founded on Middle English salfe, now salve?
sàimhe
luxury, sensuality, Irish sáimhe, peace, luxury, Early Irish sáim, pleasant: *svadmi-; English sweet, Greek @Ge@`dús, etc. But cf. sàmhach.
saimir
the trefoil clover (A.M`D.), Irish seamar; See seamrag.
sainnseal
a handsel, New Year's gift; from Scottish handsel, Middle English hansell, i.e. hand-sellan, deliver.
saith
the back bone, joint of the neck or backbone, Irish saith, joint of neck or backbone ( Lh., O'Br., etc.):
sàl
also sàil, sàile, sea, Irish sáile, Early Irish sál, sáile: *svâlos, root sval, svel; Latin salum, sea; English swell (Stokes, who also refers Breton c'hoalen, salt). Shräder equates Gadelic with Greek @Ga@`/ls, salt, the sea, and Latin salum, root sal.
salach
dirty, Irish, so Old Irish salach, Welsh halawg, halog, Cornish halou, stercora, Old Breton haloc, lugubri: *salâko-s (adj.), root sal, to dirty; English sallom, Old High German salo, dusky, dirty. sal, filth, is used.
salann
salt, Irish, Old Irish salann, Welsh halen, Cornish haloin, Breton halenn (*salên): *salanno-s, salt; Latin sal; Greek @Ga@`ls, salt, sea; English salt, German salz; Church Slavonic soli@u.
salldair
a chalder; from Scottish chalder, English chalder, chaldron, from Old French chaldron, a caldron.
salm
a psalm, Irish, Old Irish salm, Welsh and Breton salm; from Latin psalmus, English psalm.


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